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Received January 10, 2023
Revised March 1, 2023
Accepted March 10, 2023
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- This work is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Jiří Jaromír Klemeš, who inspired and supported us in our researc
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Bioprospecting of biosurfactant-producing bacteria for hydrocarbon bioremediation: Optimization and characterization
Anfal Bellebcir1
Fateh Merouane1
Karim Chekroud1
Hadjira Bounabi1
Yasser Vasseghian2 3 4†
Hesam Kamyab5 6 7
Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan8
Jiří Jaromír Klemeš9
Mohammed Berkan1†
1Biotechnology Laboratory, High National School of Biotechnology, Ali Mendjeli University City, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria 2Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea 3School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon 4Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan 5Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador 6Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India 7Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 8Engineering Department, Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jln Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 9Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory (SPIL), NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology - VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
vasseghian@ssu.ac.kr, m.berkani@ensbiotech.edu.dz
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, October 2023, 40(10), 2497-2512(16), 10.1007/s11814-023-1418-y
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Abstract
Biosurfactants have been found capable of replacing synthetic surfactants which include ongoing bioprospecting of biosurfactant-producing bacteria as well as process optimization for maximum biosurfactant production. In
this study, five morphologically distinct actinomycete strains isolated from hydrocarbon-polluted soil collected from an
oil spill surface in Southeastern Algeria were tested for their ability to produce biosurfactants using preliminary biosurfactant screening assays. The 7SDS strain was selected as the most promising biosurfactant producer due to its greatest
oil displacement diameter (7.83±0.15 cm), emulsification index (59.66±0.44%), and enhanced surface tension reduction (30.04±0.51 mN/m); it was identified as Streptomyces thinghirensis 7SDS using 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The
7SDS strain's biosurfactant production was optimized using the Face-centered central composite design (CCD) based
on response surface methodology (RSM). To this end, five independent factors, i.e., residual frying oil, used engine oil,
whey, CS filtrate, and incubation time, were assessed. The RSM's model predicted a surface tension of 27.48 mN/m
using 2.44% (v/v) residual frying oil, 0.35% (v/v) used motor oil, 0.83% (v/v) whey, 0.39% (v/v) CS filtrate, and an
incubation time of 219.3 h. The optimized medium produced 8.79 g/L of biosurfactant. The produced biosurfactant
allows one to reduce the surface tension of distilled water from 70.86 mN/m to 27.96 mN/m at a critical micelle concentration of 350 mg/L, even over a wide range of pH (2.0-12.0), temperature (4-120 o
C), and salinity (2-12%, W/V).
Biochemical (Biuret, phenol-sulfuric acid, and phosphate tests) and compositional (FTIR and GC-MS) characterizations confirmed the phospholipid nature of the produced biosurfactant. Interestingly, the produced BS demonstrated
significant antimicrobial activity as well as intriguing activity in removing hydrocarbons from polluted soil. Because of
their appealing biological properties, strain 7SDS and its biosurfactant are attractive targets for a variety of applications
such as biomedicine and environmental ones.
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