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Language: English

Conflict of Interest: In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Publication history: Received January 17, 2023
Revised April 19, 2023
Accepted May 1, 2023

Acknowledgements: SSK, AR and AS are grateful to Dr. P.K. Mohapatra, Head, RCD and Dr. Neetika Rawat, RCD for their support and encouragement during the course of this work. Authors also acknowledge Dr. D. K. Singh, MP&CED for facilitating the preparation of PES beads.

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Experimental strategy for acid-free plutonium recovery from assorted matrices: Non-aqueous leaching followed by selective solid phase extraction

Shiny Suresh Kumar^{1 2} Ankita Rao^{1 2†} Ashutosh Srivastava^{1 2} Kartikey Kumar Yadav^{2 3} Raja Kishore Lenka^{2 4}

¹Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085 ²Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094. India ³Material Processing and Corrosion Engineering Division, ⁴Powder Metallurgy Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India

ankita@barc.gov.in

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, November 2023, 40(11), 2716-2723(8), 10.1007/s11814-023-1482-3

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Abstract

Methodologies comprising usage of innocuous reagents, lower overall chemical inventory and simplification of process scheme for plutonium recovery from assorted matrices, solid as well as liquid, are key to establishing sustainability of the nuclear fuel cycle. The present study demonstrates, for the first-time, plutonium leaching from different refractory matrices: oxide, mixed oxide as well as simulated cellulosic waste using the benign halide anion free choline citrate - urea (1 : 2 mole ratio) based eutectic solvent (referred to as CU). This mineral acid and hydrofluoric acid-free, non-aqueous route of plutonium recovery with controlled infra-red heating yielded 93% efficiency. CU was diluted with biodegradable, less viscous propylene glycol (referred to as PG), which was chosen as the non-aqueous polar phase for facile solid phase extraction (SPE), which is a green alternative to liquid-liquid extraction owing to process simplification and solvent inventory reduction. Exclusive stabilization of tetravalent plutonium in the novel media, confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and electrochemical methods, led to process simplification, eliminating any pre-extraction requirement for oxidation state adjustment. Extractant, di-2-ethyl hexyl phosphoric acid encapsulated polyether sulfone beads, prepared by phase inversion method, were employed for efficient SPE of plutonium (Distribution co-efficient, kD=950±6). Selectivity of non-aqueous SPE was found to be Pu(IV)>>UO2 2+>Am(III) vis-à-vis aqueous acid medium.

Keywords

Plutonium Oxide Eutectic Solvent Propylene Glycol Polyether Sulfone Beads Solid Phase Extraction

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