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- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
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Received December 18, 2022
Revised March 14, 2023
Accepted March 31, 2023
- Acknowledgements
- The authors would like to thank the University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan for financial and technical assistance for this study. Additional support provided by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) by way of granting financial aid from the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Republic of Korea (No. 2021010000001B) is also appreciated.
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Effect of pyrolysis temperature on the physiochemical properties of biochars produced from raw and fermented rice husks
Sana Hafiza1 2
Asim Riaz3†
Zubaria Arshad2
Syeda Tahsin Zahra2
Javaid Akhtar4
Sumaira Kanwal5
Hassan Zeb2†
Jaehoon Kim6 7 8†
1Zhengzhou University, Henan, China 2Institute of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of the Punjab, Pakistan 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 4Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Pakistan 5Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Narowal 6SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea 7School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea 8School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
hassanzeb.ieee@pu.edu.pk, jaehoonkim@skku.edu
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, August 2023, 40(8), 1986-1992(7), 10.1007/s11814-023-1465-4
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Abstract
This study investigated the slow pyrolysis behavior of raw rice husk (RRH) and fermented rice husk (FRH)
in a fixed-bed reactor at temperatures in the range of 200-600 o
C. The effects of pyrolysis temperature on the biochar
yield, composition, and physiochemical properties were examined to evaluate the energy potential of biochars produced from RRH and FRH. The FRH-derived biochar produced at 600 o
C was found to be more suitable than the
RRH-derived biochar because of its higher carbon content (68.9% vs 42.1%), GCV (31.6 vs 24.1 MJ kg1
), and true
density (1.94 vs 1.54 g cm3
). The slow pyrolysis in the high-temperature regime facilitated the formation of lignin-rich
and aromatically condensed biochar, making it particularly useful for producing carbon-rich materials. Thus, slow
pyrolysis can be a technically viable approach for producing high-energy-density solid fuels that can replace mediumranking coals in co-firin
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2. C. H. Ko, S. H. Park, J.-K. Jeon, D. J. Suh, K.-E. Jeong and Y.-K.Park, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29, 1657 (2012).
3. Y. H. Oh, I. Y. Eom, J. C. Joo, J. H. Yu, B. K. Song, S. H. Lee, S. H.Hong and S. J. Park, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 32, 1945 (2015).
4. L. J. Jönsson and C. Martín, Bioresour. Technol., 199, 103 (2016).
5. F. R. Vieira, C. M. Romero Luna, G. L. A. F. Arce and I. Ávila, Biomass Bioenergy, 132, 105412 (2020).
6. E. Menya, P. W. Olupot, H. Storz, M. Lubwama, Y. Kiros and M. J.John, Biomass Convers. Biorefin., 10, 57 (2020).
7. S. Khan, A. Nisar, B. Wu, Q.-L. Zhu, Y.-W. Wang, G.-Q. Hu and M.-x. He, Sci. Total Environ., 814, 152872 (2022).
8. H. Sana, S. Kanwal, J. Akhtar, R. Haider, S. Nawaz, N. Sheikh and S. Munir, Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Util. Environ. Eff., 39,465 (2017).
9. A. Abbas and S. Ansumali, Bioenergy Res., 3, 328 (2010).
10. L. Dunnigan, P. J. Ashman, X. Zhang and C. W. Kwong, J. Clean.Prod., 172, 1639 (2018).
11. V. S. Sikarwar, M. Zhao, P. S. Fennell, N. Shah and E. J. Anthony,Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 61, 189 (2017).
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13. A. Tomczyk, Z. Sokołowska and P. Boguta, Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., 19, 191 (2020).
14. Z. Z. Chowdhury, M. Z. Karim, M. A. Ashraf and K. Khalid, BioResources, 11, 3356 (2016).
15. L. Wang, Y. S. Ok, D. C. Tsang, D. S. Alessi, J. Rinklebe, H. Wang,O. Mašek, R. Hou, D. O'Connor and D. Hou, Soil Use Manage.,36, 358 (2020).
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18. H.-B. Kim, J.-G. Kim, T. Kim, D. S. Alessi and K. Baek, Chem. Eng.J., 393, 124687 (2020).
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20. G. Wu, P. Qu, E. Sun, Z. Chang, Y. Xu and H. Huang, Bioresources,10, 227 (2015).
21. W. Su, H. Ma, Q. Wang, J. Li and J. Ma, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 99,79 (2013).
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23. A. Demirbas, Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Util. Environ. Eff.,29, 329 (2007).
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28. X. Cao and W. Harris, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 5222 (2010).
29. N. Muradov, B. Fidalgo, A. C. Gujar, N. Garceau and A. T-Raissi,Biomass Bioenergy, 42, 123 (2012).
30. A. Demirbas, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 72, 243 (2004).
31. X. He, Z. Liu, W. Niu, L. Yang, T. Zhou, D. Qin, Z. Niu and Q.Yuan, Energy, 143, 746 (2018).
32. M. Phanphanich and S. Mani, Bioresour. Technol., 102, 1246 (2011).
33. M. I. Al-Wabel, A. Al-Omran, A. H. El-Naggar, M. Nadeem and
A. R. A. Usman, Bioresour. Technol., 131, 374 (2013).
34. X. He, Z. Liu, W. Niu, L. Yang, T. Zhou, D. Qin, Z. Niu and Q. Yuan,Energy, 143, 746 (2018).
35. W.-T. Tsai, S.-C. Liu and C.-H. Hsieh, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 93,63 (2012).
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38. A. Gani and I. Naruse, Renew. Energy, 32, 649 (2007).
39. R. H. White, Wood Fiber Sci., 19, 446 (2007).
40. T. Bridgeman, J. Jones, I. Shield and P. Williams, Fuel, 87, 844 (2008).
41. P. Kaparaju, M. Serrano, A. B. Thomsen, P. Kongjan and I. Angelidaki, Bioresour. Technol., 100, 2562 (2009).
42. P. Sannigrahi and A. J. Ragauskas, J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy, 5,514 (2011).
43. H. Kawamoto, J. Wood Sci., 63, 117 (2017).
44. S. Suman and S. Gautam, Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Util. Environ. Eff., 39, 933 (2017).
45. Z.-H. Lu, L.-T. Li, W.-H. Min, F. Wang and E. Tatsumi, Int. J. Food Sci. Tech., 40, 985 (2005).
46. X. Zhang, P. Zhang, X. Yuan, Y. Li and L. Han, Bioresour. Technol.,296, 122318 (2020)
