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Received September 9, 2022
Accepted December 8, 2022
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Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction of Amoxicillin Using Miniaturization Technology

Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering , Sultan Qaboos University 1National Chair of Material Science and Metallurgy, Nizwa University 2Civil and Environmental Engineering Department , A’Sharqiyah University
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, May 2024, 41(5), 1399-1413(15), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00061-0

Abstract

Antibiotics discharged with medical waste have had a negative impact on humans as well as aquatic organisms. Because

of the severity of its eff ects and the frequency with which it appears in medical effl uent, extraction has become obligatory.

Conducting mass transfer operations in microchannels is a promising technology that has several benefi ts over traditional

methods. In this study, the potential of performing two-phase aqueous extraction of amoxicillin in a microchannel setup

was investigated. To fully comprehend the process, it was necessary to study the system's hydrodynamics and consider the

variables that had the greatest infl uence on the extraction in the microchannel. In the hydrodynamics part, the inlet junction

showed an insignifi cant eff ect on the fl ow pattern type while the fl ow rate and volume fraction had a major eff ect. The

plug fl ow zone was chosen for the microchannel extraction based on its high surface area and ease of separation. Aqueous

two-phase system extraction (ATPS) was conducted in a microchannel to extract amoxicillin from the aqueous phase. Three

process parameters were investigated, namely temperature, salt concentration, and volume fraction, which showed a direct

proportionality infl uence on extraction effi ciency. The optimum operation conditions obtained were found to be, a temperature

of 44.3 °C, a salt concentration of 42.6 wt.%, and a volume fraction of 0.45. This was accomplished in 1.96 min as compared

to the 540 min reported for the conventional ATPS.

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