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- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
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Received July 27, 2023
Accepted September 13, 2024
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Bio-Mediated Ag@Cu 2 O NPs Towards Fampridine: Kinetic Modelling and Mechanistic Pathways
Abstract
To enhance the photocatalytic activity of Cu 2 O NPs, Tabernaemontana divaricata leaf extract was used to synthesize Ag@
Cu 2 O NPs. The synthesized Ag@Cu 2 O NPs were characterized using UV–Vis, XPS, XRD, and HR-TEM. The mechanism
of Ag onto Cu 2 O NPs showed that the plant extract was fully saturated with fl avonoids and can implant Ag onto Cu 2 O NPs.
XPS spectra showed a shift towards lower binding energy for Cu 2 p peaks from 932 to 931 eV and 952 to 951 eV, which
confi rmed the formation of Ag@Cu 2 O NPs. HR-TEM investigation indicated that the lattice distance was d = 0.25 nm which
corresponds to the (111) plane of Ag, hence demonstrating the fabrication of Ag@Cu 2 O NPs. The degradation effi ciency of
fampridine was enhanced using Ag@Cu 2 O NPs to 95% with 97% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and 75% total
organic carbon (TOC) conversion after 210 min of reaction time compared to Cu 2 O NPs. The modifi ed fi rst-order kinetic
(MFOK) model was well fi tted for the TOC conversion of fampridine, with R 2 = 0.99 as compared to the fi rst-order kinetic
(FOK) model. Liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy (LC–MS) spectra for the degradation of fampridine showed ten
intermediate fragments. The synthesized Ag@Cu 2 O NPs also showed a high inhibition zone for the two diff erent bacterial
pathogens.
