Overall
- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
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Received September 10, 2024
Accepted October 6, 2024
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Evaluation of the Properties and Compositions of Blended Bio-jet Fuels Derived from Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil made from Wood According to Aging Test
Abstract
The aviation industry has set ambitious goals for reducing carbon emissions, with the International Civil Aviation Organization
targeting net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. Bio-jet fuel is expected to play a crucial role in achieving this target,
and the demand for bio-jet fuel is projected to rapidly increase. Bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of lignin, such as waste wood,
is considered a promising alternative for production of bio-jet fuel through processes such as hydrodeoxygenation. In this
study, the physical properties and compositions of bio-jet fuel produced from wood-derived pyrolysis bio-oil blended with
petroleum-based jet fuel as well as their changes during 16 weeks storage were investigated. Consistently, 0%, 10%, 50%,
and 100% blended bio-jet fuels were prepared. After 16 weeks of aging, the total acid number of the all-blended bio-jet fuel
showed a sharp increase from 12 weeks, reaching over 0.1 mg KOH/g. Additionally, kinematic viscosity showed a steady
increase over 16 weeks whereas oxidative stability decreased by approximately 20% at 16 weeks for the 100% bio-jet fuel
alone. The fi nal boiling point increased by up to 20% in higher blends of bio-jet fuel and the average molecular weight
increased. Bio-jet fuel has a high olefi n content, which can further increase during storage, leading to a decrease in the
combustion characteristics. This study suggests that using up to 10% the bio-jet fuel in aircraft is safe considering storage
stability, but further research is required to confi rm this fi nding.