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- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
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Received June 6, 2024
Accepted July 8, 2024
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Towards Stable, 30% Effi cient Perovskite Solar Cells
Abstract
Solid-state perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were fi rst discovered in 2012, where a power conversion effi ciency (PCE) of 9.7%
was demonstrated along with stability for 500 h at ambient atmosphere. Since then, the PCEs of PSCs have increased
amazingly to over 26%. Moreover, perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells achieved a PCE as high as 34%. Such a superb
photovoltaic performance is due to the inherent optoelectronic properties of halide perovskites. Here, the progress of PSCs
is reported following a detailed description on the discovery of PSCs. The fi rst solid-state PSCs were based on sensitization
concept using a sub-micrometer mesoporous TiO 2 fi lm whose surface was coated with nano-sized methylammonium lead
iodide (MAPbI 3 ), which had evolved to n-i-p and p-i-n planar device structures. Recent high effi ciencies were mostly
demonstrated using formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI 3 ) perovskite. To increase further the PCE to more than 30%, the
current density should approach 28 mA/cm 2 and fi ll factor 90% while keeping the voltage near 1.2 V using a perovskite
with bandgap less than ~ 1.47 eV (theoretical current density = 29.4 mA/cm 2 ). Thus, a strategy should be well established
to make a defect-minimized perovskite fi lm and the interface-engineered PSCs as well. Finally, eff ective methodology for
improving stability of PSCs is discussed.