ISSN: 0256-1115 (print version) ISSN: 1975-7220 (electronic version)
Copyright © 2024 KICHE. All rights reserved

Overall

Language
English
Conflict of Interest
In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Publication history
Received April 27, 2023
Accepted February 18, 2024
articles This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © KIChE. All rights reserved.

Most Cited

Graphitization of Oak-Tree-Based White Charcoals by High Temperature Heat Treatment

Department of Carbon Convergence Engineering , Jeonju University 1Institute of Carbon Technology , Jeonju University
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, June 2024, 41(6), 1841-1849(9), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00138-w

Abstract

Oak-tree-based white charcoals were subjected to high-temperature heat treatment at up to 2400 °C to analyze changes in

their surface morphology and internal structure using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

When the treatment temperature was increased, micropores became smaller and disappeared, but macropores and mesopores

remained, resulting in an increase in average pore size. At treatment temperatures of 2000 °C or higher, all the pores disappeared

and the internal structure changed into a dense graphite-like structure. The X-ray diff raction patterns of charcoals

heat-treated at 1800 °C or higher in an argon atmosphere exhibited a sharp peak near 2 θ = 26.5°, and Raman spectroscopy

showed clear D and 2D bands near 1360 and 2680 cm −1 , respectively, indicating that carbon graphite crystals were developing.

At 2400 °C for 10 min., the interlayer distances ( d 002 and d 100 ), L c and L a of the graphite crystallites were 0.34, 0.21,

23.00, and 6.13 nm, respectively. The presence of the D band and the I G /( I G + I D ) ratio confi rmed that the newly developed

structure was turbostratic. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) adsorption isotherm of the as-received charcoals exhibited

peculiar characteristics in which Types I and IV were mixed. This result is due to low-pressure hysteresis, in which nitrogen

is embedded in the crevices of charcoal during adsorption and is hardly desorbed during desorption. This low-pressure

hysteresis disappeared as increasing the temperature, the adsorption isotherm of charcoal treated at 2400 °C was Type II,

and the specifi c surface area was 8.45 m 2 /g, indicating that the charcoal was completely transformed to nonporous graphite.

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers. F5, 119, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, 233 Spring Street Seoul 02856, South Korea.
TEL. No. +82-2-458-3078FAX No. +82-507-804-0669E-mail : kiche@kiche.or.kr

Copyright (C) KICHE.all rights reserved.

- Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 상단으로