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- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
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Received March 25, 2024
Accepted April 3, 2024
- This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Construction of NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe) /TiO 2 Heterojunction to Enhance the Charge Transfer in Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics
Abstract
As an indispensable medicine, antibiotics are widely used in daily life, but following the substantial discharge of various
wastewater, which result in antibiotic resistance of microbial pathogens and jeopardizes the health of ecosystems. There is
an urgent need to tackle drug residues. After decades of intensive research, photocatalysis technology has been developed
into an effi cient technology for wastewater treatment due to its economic and environmental-friendly properties. Here, the
photocatalyst NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 composite was fabricated to degrade the antibiotics: tetracycline hydrochloride (TC),
doxycycline hydrochloride (DC), and levofl oxacin hydrochloride (LEV). The NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 photocatalysts exhibited
excellent visible light harvesting performance with a narrow band gap (2.19 eV), low recombination ratio of photoinduced
carriers, good photoelectric response, low resistance and long charging life. NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 (MT0.50 molar
ratio Fe:Ti = 1:1) showed the highest degradation eff ect, with the degradation rates of 91.52%, 80.11%, and 88.13% for TC,
DC, and LEV in 6 h, with kinetic constants of 0.00510 min −1 , 0.00344 min −1 and 0.00503 min −1 , respectively. The catalysts
exhibited signifi cantly increased photocatalytic activity and excellent stability compared to NH 2 -MIL-101 (Fe) and TiO 2 .
In addition, MT0.50 still showed good photodegradation eff ect under simulated diff erent pH and ionic strength, indicating
that MT0.50 has good adaptability and practical application. The study of photocatalytic mechanism showed that ·OH was
the main active substance in the degradation process, which played an important role in degrading antibiotics. In addition,
three possible degradation pathways for antibiotics were proposed based on the intermediates detected by LC–MS, and the
photocatalysts also showed great stability and excellent antimicrobial eff ects. Therefore, the present study provides a new
strategy and enriches the mechanisms involved in the wastewater treatment of NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 photodegradation
of various antibiotics.