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폐플라스틱 고화체로부터 Co-60과 Cs-137의 침출 특성

Leaching Behavior of Cobalt-60 and Cesium-137 in Plastic Waste Composites

HWAHAK KONGHAK, February 1983, 21(1), 17-26(10), NONE
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Abstract

원자력시설에서 발생되는 방사성폐이온교환수지의 페플라스틱고화에 관한 연구로서 용출용액의 종류(증류수, 지하수, 해수), 폐수지의 함량(30 wt%∼60 wt%), 방사선조사선량(107∼109R) 등의 관점에서 고화체로부터 방사성핵종의 용출성이 분석되었다. 40 wt% 이하의 폐수지를 함유한 고화체는 비교적 혼합도가 양호하고, 압축강도는 210 Kg/㎠ 이상이었으며, 용출용액 중에서의 팽윤현상도 감지되지 않았다. 한편, 25 ℃의 증류수 중에 91일간 잠적시킨 30 wt%의 폐수지를 함유한 고화체로부터 Co-60과 Cs-137의 용출분율은 각각 0.11과 8.3 %이고, 용출률은 각각 2.02×10-7과 3.6×10-4 g/㎠-day를 나타내어 내용출성이 양호함을 보여주고 있다. 한편 폐수지의 함량, 용출용액 중의 양이온의 함량, 온도 및 방사선조사선량의 증가와 더불어 용출성이 증가하는 경항을 지니고 있다.
따라서 폐수지를 고화시키는데 Styrene계 폐플라스틱이 고화매체로 이용하는데 적합하였다. 이때 최적 폐수지의 함량은 30 wt%이었고, 이 고화체는 용출성의 관점에서 볼 때 육지처분상의 안전도를 지니고 있음을 보여 주었다.
For the method developed to incorporate a radioactive waste ion exchange resin from a nuclear facility into a thermoplastic waste, the leachability of radionuclide from the solidified product has been studied as the functions of the leachants (demineralized water, ground water and sea water), temperature (25 ℃ and 70 ℃), content of waste resin (30-60 wt%) and radiation exposure dose (107-109R). The specimen containing the waste resin up to 40 wt% shows good homogeneity, compressibility greater than 210 ㎏/㎠ and no evidence of swelling in the leachants. On the other hand, the cumulative fractions of Co-60 and Cs-137 leached from a specimen in the demineralized water at 25 ℃ are 0.11 and 8.3 %, respectively, and the leach rates are 2.02 × 10-7 and 3.63 × 10-4g/㎠-day, respectively, during leaching time of 91 days, and then these suggests that the product has good resistence against leaching. And the leachability has a tendency to increase with the increase of the waste resin content, cation content in leachant, temperature and radiation exposure dose.
The above results show that the thermoplastic waste of styrene series is applicable to solidifying the waste resin, that the optimum content of the waste resin might be 30 wt% in the product and that from the viewpoint of the leachability, it should be safe to dispose the product into the ground.

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