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노르말 부탄으로부터 무수말레인산 제조를 위한 고정층 반응기의 적응제어에 관한 연구 -I. 반응기의 비정상 상태 모식화 및 동특성-

Adaptive Control of Packed-bed Reactor for Partial Oxidation of n-Butane to Maleic Anhydride-I. Unsteady-state Model and Dynamics of the Reactor-

HWAHAK KONGHAK, February 1983, 21(1), 7-16(10), NONE
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Abstract

노프말 부탄을 부분 산화시켜 무수말레인산을 제조하기 위한 발열이 심한 비단열, 고정층 촉매반응기를 다변수 적응제어연구를 위하여 분석하였다. 반응항의 비선형성을 그대로 유지한 채 orthogonal collocation을 이용하여서 반경방향과 축방향의 온도 및 농도구배를 표현해 주는 비선형 편미분 방정식들을 몇 개의 비선형 상미분 및 대수방정식으로 변환하였다. 이 변환된 식들은 반응기의 정상상태 및 동특성을 잘 표현해 주고 있으며, 2차원 반응기 모델을 사용하여 동특성을 조사한 결과 반응시간과 반응온도 변화에 대한 무수말레인산의 농도와 열점의 온도변화는 모두 2차 정도의 낮은 차수의 전달함수로 잘 표현됨을 알 수 있었다. 특정한 반응식을 대상으로 하였지만, 이 방법은 일반적이며 또한 고정층 반응기의 어떠한 반응경로에도 잘 응용될 수 있다.
A nonadiabatic fixed-bed catalytic reactor with highly exothermic partial oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride was analyzed for multivariable adaptive control studies. Nonlinear partial differential equations describing axial and radial concentration and temperature gradients in the reactor were converted to a set of coupled algebraic and differential equations using orthogonal collocation while a nonlinearity of the reaction term was kept. The resulting equations are shown to adequately represent the steady-state and the dynamic behaviors. Through the use of this two-dimensional reactor model, studies of the dynamic behavior show that dynamics of concentration of maleic anhydride and hot spot temperature to changes in reaction temperature and reaction time can be adequately represented by low-order, 2nd-order transfer functions. Although a specific set of reaction equations was used, the approach is general and could be used for any reaction scheme in packed-bed reactor.

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