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바나듐-몰리브덴-인 혼합산화물촉매상에서 메틸사이클로펜탄, 사이클로펜탄 및 사이클로펜타다이엔의 불균일 부분산화반응 연구

Heterogeneous Catalytic Partial Oxidations of Methylcyclopentane, Cyclopentane and Cyclopentadiene on V-Mo-P Mixed Oxide Catalysts

HWAHAK KONGHAK, December 1988, 26(6), 562-570(9), NONE
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Abstract

바나듐-몰리브덴-인 촉매의 소성온도 및 시간이 활성과 선택도에 끼치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 촉매는 V2O5 및 (NH43PO4(MoO3)12·4H2O(APM)을 활성물질로 하여 옥살산에 녹인 후 감마알루미나와 티타니아(아나타제 형태)에 담지시켜 제조하였다.
제조된 촉매를 시간에 따라 5-30시간동안 소성온도 400 ℃에서, 소성온도에 따라 300 ℃-700 ℃사이에서 20시간 각각 소성하였다. 촉매의 특성을 살피기 위하여 비표면적과 열분석, X-선 회절분석, SEM-EPMA 및 화상분석 등을 시행하였다.
광학현미경, SEM-EPMA 분석에 의하여 소성온도가 증가할수록 알루미나 입자가 모여 큰 입자가 생성됨을 알 수 있었으며 소성시간이 길어질수록 바나듐 입자가 고루 퍼짐이 확인되었다. 또한 X-선 회절분석결과 소성시간에 따라서는 결정구조의 변화가 없었으나 소성온도 600 ℃에서 몰리브덴 산화물과 인 산화물로 분해됨을 알 수 있었다. 고정층 반응기에서 반응시킨 결과, 모든 반응물로부터 말레산 무수물이 주생성물로 얻어졌으며 프탈산 무수물, citraconic anhydride, CO, CO2가 부생물로 얻어졌다.
소성시간이 길어질수록 표면적 감소로 인하여 산화 활성도가 완만하게 감소하였으며 소성시간 20-30시간 사이에서 비교적 큰 폭으로 감소하였다. 소성온도에 따라 500 ℃까지 산화 활성도가 서서히 감소하다가 500 ℃ 이후에 급격히 감소하였고 선택도는 450 ℃까지 증가하였고 500 ℃ 이후에 큰 폭으로 감소하였다.
본 실험에서 사용한 모든 반응물에 대하여 가장 좋은 촉매는 450 ℃에서 20시간 소성된 촉매임이 밝혀졌다.
The effects of calcination temperature and calcination time of V-Mo-P catalyst on the catalytic activity and selectivity of maleic anhydride were investigated.
V2O5 and(NH43PO4(MoO3)12·4H2O(APM) were dissolved in oxalic acid solution as active components and impregnated on γ-Al2O3 and TiO2(anatase).
The prepared catalysts were calcined at 400 ℃ varing from 5 to 30 hours and for 20 hours varing temperature from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃. All the catalysts were characterized by surface area, XRD, SEM-EPMA, image analysis and thermal analysis.
From the techniques of optical microscopy, such as image analysis and SEM-EPMA, it was confirmed that the particle of alumina grew as the calcination temperautre increased. And the XRD results also confirmed that the calcination time had not affected the crystalline structure of catalyst but APM was decomposed to molybdenum oxide and phosphorous oxide at 600 ℃ of calcination temperature.
Through the fixed bed reaction, maleic anhydride was produced mainly from all reactants and phthalic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide were produced as by-products.
As the calcination time increased, the activity decreased mainly due to the reduction of surface area of catalyst. The higher calcination temperature gave the lower activity. Over the 500 ℃ the activity decreased significantly. And the selectivity of MA increased up to 450 ℃ of calcination temperature but decreased rapidly over 500 ℃ of calcination temperature.
The best calcination conditions in this study were temperature of 450 ℃ and time of 20 hours, respectively.

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