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초산섬유소 역삼투막의 제조 및 용존염 분리 특성

Manufacturing of Cellulose Acetate Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Separation Characteristics of Dissolved Salt

HWAHAK KONGHAK, October 1989, 27(5), 673-681(9), NONE
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Abstract

초산섬유소 제막조건 중 고분자 용액의 조성, 용매 증발시간, 수축온도 등을 변화시켜 건ㆍ습식법에 의한 평판형 초산섬유소 역삼투막을 제조하고 용존염 분리특성에 관한 것을 연구하였다.
순수 투과계수(LP×105㎤/Kgfsec)는 용매 증발시간이 40초, 수축온도가 75℃일 때, 10.144롤 가장 높았으며 용매 증발시간이 80초, 수축온도가 90℃일 때 0.672로 가장 적었다. 또한 Pusch 모델에 의한 용존염 분리특성도 같은 결과를 나타내었다. 제조한 막의 구조를 알기위해 SEM으로 촬영한 결과 sponge구조를 나타내어 finger like 구조의 SEPA-series막(Osmonice Inc., U.S.A.)과 대조를 보였다.
용존염 분리특성은 casting용액 중 Cellulose acetate를 17wt%, 수축온도를 75℃로 한 1-type 막이 2.7324×10-4cm/sec 의 flux에서 69%의 염 배제율을 나타내었다. 또한 Cellulose acetate를 19wt%, 수축온도를 85℃로 한 9-type 막은 0.6837×10-4cm/sec의 flux에서 98%의 염 배제율을 나타내었다. 위 결과들을 보아 제조된 막은 상업용 CA막(SEPA-series)보다 우수한 염 배제 성능을 보였다.
Flat-type Cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes were prepared by dry-wet process, changing composition of polymer solution, solvent evaporation period, and shrinkage temperature on its manufacturing condi-tions. The pure water permeability coefficient(Lp×105cm3/Kgfsec) exhibited maximum value of 10.144with 40 seconds solvent evaporation period and 75℃ shrinkage temperature. Whereas the minimum value was 0.672 with 80 seconds solvent evaporation period and 90℃ shrinkage temperature. Also the separation characteristics of dissolved salt with the Pusch’s model showed similar results. The structure of the membrane was examined with SEM and it showed a sponge structure differing from the finger like structure of the SEPA-series membrane(Osmonics Inc., U.S.A.). On the separation characteristics of dissolved salt, the 1-type membrane was prepared for 17wt% Cellulose acetate in the casting solution and 75℃ shrinkage temperature, exhibited 69% salt rejection at 2.7324×10-4cm/sec flux. And 9-type membrane was prepared for 19wt% Cellulose acetate and 85℃ shrinkage temperature, exhibited 98% salt re-jection at 0.6837×10-4cm/sec flux. From the above results, the prepared membranes showed better desalination performances than commercial CA membranes(SEPA-series).

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