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이차원모델에 의한 고로(高爐)내 정상상태 거동의 분석
Analysis of Steady state Behavior of a Blast Furnace using Two Dimensional Model
HWAHAK KONGHAK, April 1990, 28(2), 243-254(12), NONE
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Abstract
고로내의 거동을 표현하는 모델식을 확립하여 이를 수치적으로 해석하고, 각 조업변수가 고로내부의 현사에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 고로내부에서의 기체 및 고체의 온도, 가스조정, 압력분포 및 철광석의 단계별 환원반응을 표현하는 수식을 정립하였으며 이들을 연립하여 해석하였다. 수치해석에는 계산시간의 단축을 위하여 윤 등[1]이 제시한 좌표변환방법을 도입하여 고로형상을 원통형으로 변환한 후, 반경방향에 대한 직교배열법(orthogonal collocation method)을 적용하였다. 또한 고로 상부에서의 온도분포 형상을 이해하기 위하여 1차원 모델을 수립하여 해석하고, 이것으로부터 상부에서의 초기조건을 설정하였다. 반경방향의 내부배열점의 수를 4.5 및 6개를 취한 결과 모두 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 포항제철의 조업자료를 바타으로 해를 구한 결과, 실제 고로내부의 현상 및 다른 연구자들의 결과와 잘 부합하는 여러 해를 얻을 수 있었으며, 특히 기체와 고체의 유속비에 의해 온도분포가 민감한 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다.
A mathematical model of the blast furnace was developed and the effects of operating variables on internal phenomena of the blast furnace were investigated through numerical computation. To achieve these objectives, equations which represent the distributions of gas and solid temperatures, gas compositions, pressure and stepwise reduction of iron ore were established and then solved simultaneously. To reduce computation time, orthogonal collocation in radial direction was employed after transforming the blast furnace geometry into a cylinder using the technique proposed by Yun et al.[1]. Besides these, a potential instability problem of the model was analyzed using a simplified 1-dimensional model. With the aid of this model, initial values of gas and solid temperature at the stock line, which give a meaningful stable solution, could be determined. Collocations with four, five and six internal points were tried for comparison but the results were similar. Simulation results based on the POSCO’s operating data showed good agreement with the internal phenomena of real blast furnaces as well as with the results by other rescearchers. One of the important consequences through this work is that the temperature distributions are sensitively affected by a small change in the ratio of solid to gas flowrates.
References
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Yagi J, Muchi I, Transaction ISIJ, 392 (1970)
Lahiri AK, Seshadri V, JISI, 293 (1969)
Ergun S, Chem. Eng. Prog., 48, 89 (1952)
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Villadsen J, Michelsen ML, "Solution of Differential Equation Models by Polynormal Approximation," Prentice-Hall (1978)
Peacey JG, Davenport WG, "The Iron Blast Furnace; Theory and Practice," Pergamon, Oxford (1979)
Kuwabara M, Muchi I, Transactions ISIJ, 17, 331 (1977)