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혼합침강기를 이용한 탄탈륨(Ta), 니오비움(Nb) 용매추출 특성 연구

Solvent Extraction of Tantalum and Niobium Using Mixer-Settler

이용택 장희동 박균영

Lee Y Jang HD Park KY

HWAHAK KONGHAK, December 1991, 29(6), 736-741(6), NONE

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Abstract

유기용매로서 TBP(tributyl phosphate)를 사용하여 파이롯트 규모의 혼합침강기(mixer-settler)내에서 불산-황산 수용액으로부터 탄탈륨과 니오비움의 용매추출 실험을 수행하였다. 용매추출에 사용된 수용액의 황산 농도는 탄탈륨과 니오비움의 추출율 뿐만 아니라 불순물의 추출 거동에도 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 이를 고려하여 탄탈륨과 니오비움의 추출율이 99% 이상되는 실험조건을 확립하였다. 유기용매에 혼입된 불순물을 제거하기 위해 세척(scrubbing) 실험을 수행하였으며, 세척 용액의 황산 농도가 9N, 유기용매 대 수용액의 혼합침강기 내로 주입 속도비가 5:1일 때 세척이 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 유기용매로부터 니오비움의 탈거(strip-ping)시 탈거 용액으로서 물보다는 1N 황산 수용액을 사용하는 것이 상분리 효과면에서 더 우수한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이와 같은 혼합침강기를 이용한 실험결과 순도 99.9% 이상의 탄탈륨과 니오비움을 얻을 수 있었다.

Using a pilot scale mixer-settler, a solvent extraction study was carried out on the extraction of tantalum and niobium with TBP(tributyl phosphate)as a solvent from the HF-H₂SO₄-H₂O system. The concentration of sulfuric acid in the feed solution was found to affect not only extraction yield of tantalum and niobium but also extraction behavior of the impurities. The experimental conditions were established to achieve a yield higher than 99% for the extraction of tantalum and niobium. To remove the impurities from the organic solution, serubbing experiments were performed; the scrubbing was found effective under the conditions that the concentration of sulfuric acid is 9N and the ratio of the volumetric flow rate of the organic feed to that of the aqueous feed into the mixer-settler is 5. In the striipping of niobium from the organic solution, the phase separation was much easier with 1N H₂SO₄ solution as a stripping medium than with water. finally, tantalum and niobium having a purity of 99.9%, respectively, were obtained using the pilot scale mixer-settler.

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