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평판형 막생물반응기를 이용한 연속 에탄올 생산 및 농축

Simultaneous Ethanol Production and Enrichment in a Membrane Moderated Bioreactor

HWAHAK KONGHAK, December 1994, 32(6), 866-874(9), NONE
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Abstract

한외여과막과 역삼투막 사이에 샌드위치 형태로 균체를 고정화시켰다. 균체층으로 모든 영양물들이 자유롭게 이동하며, 균체가 배지와 접촉하지 않도록 한외여과막이 이용되었다. 고정화 균체층에서는 에탄올을 생산하는 생물반응이 일어난다. 마지막으로 역삼투막은 균체를 고정화하며 생성물을 선택적으로 고정화 균체층의 미반응 배지와 분리한다. 그러므로 농축된 에탄올 용액을 당 및 영양분에 많이 오염되지 않은 상태로 얻을 수 있다. 고정화된 균체층 위에 거름종이를 첨가하여 한외여과막의 아랫부분이 균체성장으로 인한 부분적 막힘현상을 감소시킴과 동시에 균체의 성장공간 증가를 유도하였다. 또한, 생산물인 에탄올이 기질층으로의 역확산량을 최소화하기 위하여 한외여과막을 셀룰로오스 아세테이트막보다 소수성인 폴리 설폰막으로 대체하여 발효를 수행하였다. 저장조로부터 발효배지를 반응조에 400 psig의 압력으로 강제이송시켜 400시간 동안 연속적으로 발효를 수행한 결과, 최대 70.3 g/ℓ까지 에탄올을 생산할 수 있다.
The living cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are sandwiched between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes. The ultrafiltration membrane separates the cells from the feed volume, while providing free passage for all nutrients to the cell mass below. Therein, the bioreaction starts to occur, leading to product ethanol. The reverse osmosis membrane, while immobilizing cells, also helps in separating the nutrients from the product stream preferentially. Therefor, the enriched ethanol solution could be obtained without much contamination from glucose and nutrients. Above the filtered cell mass a coarse filter paper was placed to provide the cells extra room for growth and to eliminate the partial closing of pores of the ultrafiltration membrane which is in contact with the cells. In order to minimize the back diffusion of ethanol from the yeast cell layer to the feed solution, the cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membrane was replaced into the more hydrophobic polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane. In these cases, performance data for glucose fermentation to ethanol by yeast cells were obtained. As a result, the maximum ethanol concentration was 70.3g/l after 400 hours of operation continuously and at the operating pressure of 2758 kPa(=400psig)on the substrate solution for the forced convection flow of substrate to the cell layer.

Keywords

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