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유동층 반응기에서의 석탄가스화 반응 특성 - O2-촤, H2O-촤의 반응성과 석탄 열분해 및 가스화 반응 특성 -
Coal Gasification Characteristics in a Fluidized Bed Reactor
HWAHAK KONGHAK, February 1997, 35(1), 121-128(8), NONE
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Abstract
석탄의 가스화 반응 전반을 고찰하기 위하여 열천칭반응기에서 O2-촤, H2O-촤의 반응성을 조사하였으며, 유동층 반응기(0.1m I.D.×1.6m high)에서 석탄의 열분해 및 가스화 반응을 수행하였다. 열천칭 반응기에서의 O2-촤, H2O-촤의 반응은 비교적 shrinking core 모델로써 잘 예측되어, 다음의 반응속도 표현식으로 나타낼 수 있었다.
dX/dt = kPnO2 or H2Oexp(-E/RT)(1-X)2/3
또한 O2-촤, H2O-촤의 반응에 대한 활성화 에너지는 화학반응 율속단계에서 각각 27 및 40kcal/mol의 값을 얻었다. 유동층 반응기에서의 석탄 열분해의 경우에는 반응온도 및 유동화 속도가 증가함에 따라 열분해 생성가스인 H2, CO, CO2, CH4의 농도가 모두 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 열분해 생성가스는 가스화의 생성가스 조성에 상당한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 유동층 반응기에서의 석탄가스화는 크게 H2(30-40%), CO(23-28%), CO2(27-35%) 및 CH4(6-9%)의 생성가스 조성을 이루고 있었으며, 발열량은 약 2000-3750kJ/M3의 발열량을 갖고 있었으며, 온도 및 수증기/석탄비가 증가할수록, 반면에 공기/석탄비가 감소할수록 그 생성가스의 질은 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.
dX/dt = kPnO2 or H2Oexp(-E/RT)(1-X)2/3
또한 O2-촤, H2O-촤의 반응에 대한 활성화 에너지는 화학반응 율속단계에서 각각 27 및 40kcal/mol의 값을 얻었다. 유동층 반응기에서의 석탄 열분해의 경우에는 반응온도 및 유동화 속도가 증가함에 따라 열분해 생성가스인 H2, CO, CO2, CH4의 농도가 모두 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 열분해 생성가스는 가스화의 생성가스 조성에 상당한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 유동층 반응기에서의 석탄가스화는 크게 H2(30-40%), CO(23-28%), CO2(27-35%) 및 CH4(6-9%)의 생성가스 조성을 이루고 있었으며, 발열량은 약 2000-3750kJ/M3의 발열량을 갖고 있었으며, 온도 및 수증기/석탄비가 증가할수록, 반면에 공기/석탄비가 감소할수록 그 생성가스의 질은 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.
Gasification of coal was carried out in a fluidized bed reactor(0.1m-I.D.×1.6m-high) over a temperature range of 1023 to 1173 K at atmospheric pressure. To understand the overall gasification reaction, the kinetic studies of the steam-char and oxygen-char reaction were performed in a thermobalance reactor, and the pyrolysis of coal in a fluidized bed reactor also was carried out. In the kinetic studies of coal char, the reaction rate equations could be expressed as
dX/dt = kPnO2 or H2Oexp(-E/RT)(1-X)2/3
The activation energies of steam-char and oxygen-char reactions were found to be 27 and 40 kcal/mol respectively in a chemical reaction control region. For the pyrolysis reaction in a fluidized bed reactor, all gas components yields increased with increasing the reaction temperature and fluidizing gas velocity. The product gases of the gasification reaction in a fluidized bed reactor were composed of H2(30-40%), CO(23-28%), CO2(27-35%) and CH4(6-9%), and the heating value of the product gas was about 2000-3750kJ/m3 at employed experimental conditions. As reaction temperature and steam/coal ratio increased, while as the air/coal ratio decreased, the heating value of the product gas increased.
dX/dt = kPnO2 or H2Oexp(-E/RT)(1-X)2/3
The activation energies of steam-char and oxygen-char reactions were found to be 27 and 40 kcal/mol respectively in a chemical reaction control region. For the pyrolysis reaction in a fluidized bed reactor, all gas components yields increased with increasing the reaction temperature and fluidizing gas velocity. The product gases of the gasification reaction in a fluidized bed reactor were composed of H2(30-40%), CO(23-28%), CO2(27-35%) and CH4(6-9%), and the heating value of the product gas was about 2000-3750kJ/m3 at employed experimental conditions. As reaction temperature and steam/coal ratio increased, while as the air/coal ratio decreased, the heating value of the product gas increased.
Keywords
References
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