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니켈계 촉매상에서 메탄의 이산화탄소 개질 반응 Ⅱ. 코크의 침적
Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane over Nickel Based Catalysts Ⅱ. Deposition of Cokes
HWAHAK KONGHAK, December 1997, 35(6), 890-894(5), NONE
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Abstract
수증기 개질과 이산화탄소 개질 반응의 코크 침적으로 인한 촉매 비활성화를 비교 연구하고자 상업적 수증기 개질용 니켈계 촉매상에서 실험을 수행하였다. 수증기 개질 반응에서 코크의 생성은 없었으나 이산화탄소 개질 후의 촉매는 심각한 코크의 침적이 관찰되었으며, 생성된 코크는 니켈 입자의 한 쪽면에서 성장을 하는 whiskerlike structure를 가지고 있었다. 그러나, 빠른 속도의 코크 침적에도 불구하고 촉매의 활성 저하는 상대적으로 느리게 진행되었다. 초기 반응은 온도가 증가함에 따라 코크의 침적이 함께 증가하였으나, 약 700-750℃ 이상의 고온이 되면서 침적된 탄소의 기화반응(역 Boudouard)에 의해 코크의 침적은 오히려 감소되는 경향을 보였다.
A nickel based catalyst, used in industrial steam reforming, was employed in order to investigate its deactivation by coke formation for steam and carbon dioxide reforming. The coke formation was not observed in steam reforming, whereas the extensive carbon deposition occurred in carbon dioxode reforming. In spite of the large amount of coke formation, the deposited carbon did not deactivate the catalyst rapidly. Deposited carbon had a whiskerlike structure with a nickel particle at the end of the growing whiskers. While the formation of coke was increased as the reaction temperature increased, it was reduced above 700-750℃ by reverse Boudouard reaction, which is known to cause the vaporization of carbon.
Keywords
References
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Fisher F, Tropsch H, Brenstoff. Chem., 3(9), 39 (1928)
Richardson JT, Paripatyadar SA, Appl. Catal., 61, 293 (1990)
Levy M, Levitom R, Meirovikch E, Segal A, Rosin H, Rubin R, Sol. Energy, 48(6), 395 (1992)
Vernon PDF, Green MLH, Cheetham AK, Ashcroft AT, Catal. Today, 13, 417 (1992)
Gadalla AM, Bower B, Chem. Eng. Sci., 43, 3049 (1988)
Moon KI, Kim CH, Choi JS, Lee SH, Kim YG, Lee JS, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 35(6), 883 (1997)
Trimm DL, Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng., 16, 155 (1977)
Hofer LJE, Sterling E, McCarthey JT, J. Phys. Chem., 59, 1153 (1955)
Rostrup-Nielsen JR, Trimm DL, J. Catal., 48, 155 (1977)
Schouten FC, Kaleveld EW, Bootsma GA, Surf. Sci., 63, 460 (1977)
Alstrup I, J. Catal., 109, 241 (1988)
Baker RTK, Harris PS, Thomas R, Waite R, J. Catal., 30, 86 (1973)
Rostrup-Nielsen JR, J. Catal., 27, 343 (1972)
Bernardo CA, Alstrup I, Rostrup-Nielsen JR, J. Catal., 96, 517 (1985)
Baker RTK, Sherwood RD, Simoens AJ, Derouane EG, "Metal Support and Metal-Additive Effects in Catalysis," Elsevier, Amsterdam, 149 (1982)
Rudnitskii LA, Solboleva TN, Alekseev AM, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 26, 149 (1984)
Figueiredo JL, Trimm DL, J. Catal., 40, 154 (1975)
Baker RTK, Sherwood RD, J. Catal., 70, 198 (1981)
Rostrup-Nielsen JR, "Progress in Catalyst Deactivation," (Figueiredo, J.L., ed.), Martinus Nijhoff publ., The Hague, 127 (1982)
