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나노여과의 이온 분리 특성에 관한 연구
A Study on the Characteristic of Ion Separation by Nanofiltration
HWAHAK KONGHAK, October 1999, 37(5), 713-718(6), NONE
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Abstract
나노여과막(NTR-729)의 이온 투과 특성을 유사 정상상태가 가능한 회분식 실험을 통하여 규명하였다. NaCl, MgSO4, MgCl2, Na2SO4의 배제율 측정을 통하여 나노여과막의 정전기적 특성을 알아내는 방법을 제시하였으며, 이 방법을 통해 NTR-729가 음전하를 띠고 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 배제율은 음이온이 양이온보다 높았으며, 이가 음이온이 일가 음이온보다 높았다. 일정 압력하에서 농도에 따른 flux의 변화는 삼투압차에 의하여 결정되고, 배제율의 변화는 가리움 효과의 영향보다는 이온에 대한 투과상수의 변화가 주 요인임을 알 수 있었다. 일가 이온과 이가 이온의 혼합 용액에서 각 이온들의 배제율은 막과의 반발력이 가장 큰 이가 음이온에 의하여 지배되며, 일가 음이온의 투과는 양이온의 투과에 의해서도 영향을 받는 것으로 해석할 수 있었다. 이러한 이유때문에 혼합 용액에서의 특정 이온의 투과 특성은 단일염 용액내에 있을 때와는 전혀 다를 것으로 추정된다.
Ion separation characteristics of a nanofiltration membrane, NTR-729 were experimentally investigated. A method for determining membrane surface charge proposed on the basis of the rejection data for NaCl, Na2SO4, MgCl2 and MgSO4 solutions. It was found that the NTR-729 membrane was negatively charged. Thus, the rejection of anions by this membrane were higher than those of cations, and the rejections of divalent anions were higher than those of monovalent anions. It was found that the change in solution flux with concentration was governed by the osmotic pressure difference under a constant pressure. It was also found that the major factor for the rejection change with concentration was not the shielding effect exerted by coexisting cations but an increase in solute permeability. It was postulated that in mixed-salt solutions, the rejection of each ion was governed by divalent anions and the permeation of monovalent anions was also affected by that of cations, and that the permeation characteristics of an ion in a mixed-salt solution could be quite different from those in a single-salt solution.
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