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활성탄을 첨가한 연속 회분식 반응조(SBR) 운전에 미치는 중금속 및 phenol의 영향
Effects of Heavy Metals and Phenol on the Operation of Sequencing Batch REactor Added Activated Carbon
광운대학교 공과대학 화학공학과, 서울 139-701 1한국생산기술연구원 2한림대학교 환경학과 3(주)오성 엔비태크
Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea 1Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Korea 2Department of Environmental Engineering, Hallym University, Korea 3Osung Envi-Tech Company, Korea
HWAHAK KONGHAK, April 2000, 38(2), 269-276(8), NONE
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Abstract
본 연구에서는 연속 회분식 반응조(sequencing batch reactor, SBR)에 활성탄을 첨가한 공정을 대상으로 삼았다. 활성탄이 첨가된 연속 회분식 반응조의 유기물 제거와 중금속이나 난분해성 물질이 미치는 영향을 파악하고자, 3종류의 입상 활성탄을 대상으로 실험을 하였다. SCOD(soluble chemical oxygen demand) 감소 효율에 대하여 살펴보았으며, 흡착 등온식(adsorption isotherm)에 의한 이론적 흡착량(adsorbed loading)과 실제 감소량(apparent loading)의 비교로 생물학적 활성(biological activity)의 시너지 효과(synergistic effects)를 확인하였다. 활성탄-연속 회분식 반응조 공정은 연속 회분식 반응조만을 운전하였을 때보다 약 16%의 처리 효율이 증가하였는데, Freundlich 흡착 등온식에 의한 이론적 흡착량과 실제 감소된 SCOD량을 비교함으로써 활성탄 첨가 공정의 처리 효율 증가가 단지 활성탄 흡착량만이 아니고, 생물학적 활성의 시너지 효과가 있음을 증명하였다. 중금속이나 난분해성 물질이 유입되었을 경유의 연속 회분식 반응조에 있어서의 저해(inhibition)현상을 살펴보았으며, 활성탄을 첨가하였을 때 이러한 저해 영향을 감소시키는 효과를 정량적으로 측정하였다. Pb, Cd, Cr, phenol을 저해체(inhibitor)로서 실험하였는데, Pb가 10mg/L인 생활하수에 활성탄(PK1-3)을 500mg/L로 주입하였을 경우에는 주입하지 않은 경우보다 처리율이 32.6% 증가되었고, Cd의 경우는 22.3%, phenol의 경우는 9.4%의 처리효율이 각각 증가되었다.
The process of sequencing batch reactor(SBR) added the activated carbon were studied. To investigate the influence of the activated carbon on the treatment of organic materials and the effects of heavy metals on the process, three different kinds of granular activated carbons(GAC) were tested. The decrease of SCOD(soluble chemical oxygen demand) was measured at the different concentration of the activated carbon. Synergistic effects of GAC on the biological activity in the SBR were confirmed from the data comparing adsorbed loadings with apparent loadings. When SBR was operated with GAC, the efficiency of wastewater treatment increased 16%. By comparing the adsorped amount of SCOD estimated from Freundlich isotherm and the decrease of apparent loading, biological synergistic effect was confirmed. The inhibition of SBR performance from heavy metals of toxic chemicals could be reduced when GAC was added into the SBR process. Pb, Cd, Cr and phenol were tested as typical inhibitors. When 10mg/L inhibitor was introduced into the SBR process which includes 500 mg/L GAC, the efficiency was increased as 32.6%, 27.2%, 22.3% and 9.4%, respectively.
Keywords
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Eckenfelder WW, "Industrial Water Pollution Contral," McGraw-Hill, New York (1989)
Arora ML, Barth EF, Umphres MB, J. WPCF, 57(8) (1985)
Udeme JN, "Kinetic Modeling of the Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor(ASBR)," Iowa State University, Iowa, 50011 (1993)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: "Sequencing Batch Reactors," EPA, Cincinnati, OH (1986)
Subramaniam K, Greenfield PF, Ho KM, Johns MR, Keller J, Water Sci. Technol., 30, 315 (1994)
Henze M, Harremoes P, Jansen JC, Arvin E, "Wastewater Treatment-biological and Chemical Process," Springer (1995)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: "Process Design Manual for Carbon Adsorption," EPA, Cincinnati, OH (1973)
McKay G, "Use of Adsorbents for the Removal of Pollutants from Wastewaters," CRC Press Inc. (1996)
Yu HQ, Gu GW, Song LP, Bioresour. Technol., 58(1), 49 (1996)
Artan N, Akkaya M, Artan SR, "Experiences with the SBR Treatment of Industrial Wastewaters," First IAWQ Specialized Conference on Sequencing Batch Reactor Technology, 3/18 (1996)
Philip AH, Robert LI, Kenneth MC, J. WPCF, 57, 1163 (1985)
Kolb FR, Wilderer PA, "Activated Carbon Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor to Treat Industrial Wastewater," First IAWQ Specialized Conference on Sequencing Batch Reactor Technology, 3/18 (1996)
Ketchum LH, "Design and Physical Features of SBR Reactors," First IAWQ Specialized Conference on Sequencing Batch Reactor Technology, 3/18 (1996)
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Sublette KL, Snider EH, Sylvester ND, Water Res., 16, 1075 (1982)
Marquez MC, Costa C, "Biomass Concentration in PACT Process," Elsevier, Great Britain (1996)
Andrew DE, Lenore SC, Arnold EG, "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," APHA (1995)
