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가압유동층연소로에서 국내무연탄의 황산화물 배출특성
The Characteristics of SO2 Emission with Korean Anthracite in a Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustor
한국에너지기술연구원 청정에너지연구부, 305-343 대전시 유성구 장동 71-2 1충남대학교 기계공학과, 305-764 대전시 유성구 궁동 220
Flue Gas Clean-up Technology Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 71-2 Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Korea 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
heehan@kier.re.kr
HWAHAK KONGHAK, February 2003, 41(1), 86-92(7), NONE
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Abstract
본 연구는 가압유동층연소로에서 국내 무연탄을 연소함에 있어서 SO2 배출농도에 대하여 고찰하였다. Bench scale PFBC에서 석탄을 연소하는 동안에 탈황제로 석회석을 사용하였으며, 배가스의 배출특성을 조사함에 있어서 SO2의 제어에 주안점을 두었다. 석탄은 강원도 태백지역에서 채탄된 무연탄이고, 석회석은 강원도 삼척지역에서 얻은 것이다. 실험장치는 층 직경 0.17 m, freeboard 직경 0.25 m이고, 총 높이가 5 m로 이루어졌다. 실험은 운전압력(1-6 atm), 운전온도(850-950 ℃), 과잉공기(10-30%), Ca/S 몰비(0.8-4.8)의 조건으로 수행하였다. 결과적으로 최대 탈황율을 보인 층(bed)온도는 1, 2 기압일 때 850 ℃, 4 기압일 때 900 ℃, 6 기압일 때 950 ℃로 나타났다. 또 탈황율은 모든 실험조건에서 운전압력, Ca/S 몰비, 과잉공기가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 국내무연탄의 가압유동층연소시 안정적인 SO2의 배출을 위하여 각각의 운전압력에서 적정한 Ca/S 몰비는 2 기압 이하일 때 Ca/S≥4.8, 4 기압일 때 Ca/S=4.8, 6 기압 이상일 때 Ca/S≤4.8를 보였다.
This study was to investigate the SO2 emission with Korean anthracite in a PFBC (Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustor). This work focuses on the control of SO2, one of the severe air pollutants in flue gas, emission characteristics by injecting sorbent during the combustion of coal in a bench scale PFBC. The coal and limestone used in this work were Taeback anthracite and Samchuck limestone, respectively, in Korea. The effects of operation parameters such as pressure (1-6 atm), bed temperature (850-950 ℃), excess air ratio (10-30%) and Ca/S mole ratio (0.8-4.8) on desulfurization was investigated in PFBC (0.17 m of bed diameter, 0.25 m of freeboard diameter and 5.0 m height). The bed temperature showing maximum sulfur capture increased from 850 ℃ at 1 and 2 atm. to 950 ℃ at 6 atm. with 10% of excess air ratio. Sulfur capture increased as excess air ratio increased at all experimental condition. Both the sulfur capture and the temperature showing maximum sulfur capture increased as operation pressure increased. It was recognized that Ca/S mole ratio higher than 4.8 was needed below 2 atm. and lower Ca/S mole ratio than 4.8 was needed at 4 and 6 atm. for the stable SO2 emission in combustion of Korean anthracite.
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Han KH, Ryu HJ, Bae DH, Ryu JI, Jin GT, Theor. Appl. Chem. Eng., 7(2), 3775 (2001)
Lee YW, Son JE, Chem. Ind. Technol., 13(1), 53 (1995)
Moritomi H, "Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion," APEC CCT Training Course, Nov., Sydney (1994)
Dennis JS, Hayhurst AN, "The Calcination of Lirnestone in Fluidized Beds," Proc. 5th Eng. Found. Conf. on Fluidization, 563 (1986)
Lyngfelt A, Leckner B, Chem. Eng. J., 40, 59 (1989)
Zhang JQ, Jones WE, Lau IT, Friedrich FD, "Evaluation of SO2 Emission from Six Fluidized Bed Combustors," Proceeding of the 11th International Conference on FBC, 639 (1991)
Leckner B, Amand L, "Emission from a Circulating and a Stationary Fluidized Bed Boiler: A Comparison," Proceeding of the 9th International Conference on FBC, 891 (1987)
Gopalakrishnam R, Seehra MS, Energy Fuels, 4, 226 (1990)
Qiu KR, Lindqvist O, Chem. Eng. Sci., 55(16), 3091 (2000)
Zevenhoven R, Yrjas P, Hupa M, Fuel, 77(4), 285 (1998)
Kristiina PY, Hupa M, Fuel, 74(4), 395 (1995)
Krishnan SV, Sotirchos SV, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 71, 244 (1993)
Tulin C, Nyman G, Ghardashkhani S, Energy Fuels, 7, 512 (1993)
Iisa K, Hupa M, "Sulfur Absorption by Limestone at Pressurized Fluidized Bed Conditions," In 23rd Symposium on Combustion, Pittsburgh, PA: The Combustion Institute, 943 (1990)
Snow MJH, Longwell JP, Sarifim AF, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 27, 268 (1988)
Han KH, Oh DJ, Ryu JI, Jin GT, Trans. Korean Soc. Mechanical Eng. B, 24(5), 677 (2000)
Yi CK, Cho SH, Hae DH, Han KH, Son JE, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 37(2), 186 (1999)
Han KH, Kang SH, Ryu HJ, Shun DW, Ryu JI, Jin GT, Theor. Appl. Chem. Eng., 7(1), 1157 (2001)
Alvarez CM, Anthony EJ, "Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion, Published by Blackie Academic & Professional, First Edition, 101 (1995)
Han KH, Ryu JI, Jin GT, Trans. Korean Soc. Mechanical Eng. B, 25(10), 1373 (2001)
Han KH, Park J, Ryu JI, Jin GT, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 16(6), 804 (1999)
Yrjas KP, Lisa K, Hupa M, "Sulphur Absorption Capacity of Different Limestone and Dolomites under Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion Conditions," Proc. of the 12th Int. Conf. on FBC, 265 (1993)
Hippinen I, Jahkola A, "The Experimental Studies of Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion at Helsinki University of Technology 1991-92," Report of the Project LIEKKI 4-4, Otaniemi, 31 (1993)
Richard AN, "Interpretation of PFBC Sulfur-Removal Data," Proceeding of the 8th International Conference on PFBC, 1115 (1985)
Nagel H, Spliethoff H, Hein KRG, "Effect of Pressure on Sulfur Capture and NOx/N2O Emissions During Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion of Coal," Proceeding of the 15th International Conference on PFBC, 99-0058 (1999)
Lin W, Senary MK, VandenBleek CM, SO2/NOx Emission in FBC of Coal: Experimantal Validation of the DUT SURE-model with data from the Babcock and WWilcox 1-foot x 1-foot AFBC unit, Proceeding of the 11th International Conference on FBC, 649 (1991)
Choi JH, Son JE, Kim SD, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 26(5), 494 (1988)
Kim JS, Kim SD, Chio JH, "A Study on the Operation Characteristics of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Using Domestic Coal," KEPCO Research REport, 00-256, 172 (2000)
Botterill JSM, Teoman Y, Yuregir KR, Powder Technol., 31, 101 (1982)
Han KH, Kang SH, Ryu JI, Jin GT, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 39(5), 557 (2001)
Sarofim AF, Goel SK, Morihara A, "Fluidized Bed Combustion and Emission Control Issue," International Clean Coal Technology Symposium on PFBC, Dec., Kitakyushu, Japan (1994)
