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Received December 28, 2005
Accepted March 5, 2006
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서울시 수돗물 배급수 계통에서 소독부산물 분포특성
Characteristics of Disinfection Byproducts in Tap Water of Seoul
서울특별시 상수도연구소, 143-200 서울시 광진구 구의동 130-1 1서울시립대학교 화학공학과, 130-743 서울시 동대문구 전농동 90
Waterworks Research Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government, 130-1, Guui-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-200, Korea 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, 90, Cheonnong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-743, Korea
dlee@uos.ac.kr
Korean Chemical Engineering Research, April 2006, 44(2), 216-226(11), NONE Epub 10 May 2006
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Abstract
클로로포름(chloroform), 디클로로아세틱에시드(dichloroacetic acid; DCAA), 트리클로로아세틱에시드(trichloroaceticacid; TCAA) 등은 먹는 물의 염소소독 시 발생되는 주요한 소독부산물이다. 이 중 클로로포름과 DCAA는 발암물질로분류되어 있어 이에 대한 분포특성연구는 서울시의 먹는 물의 안전성을 판단하기 위해 중요하다. 2002~2004년의 3년동안 배급 수 계통별로 소독부산물을 분석하였다. 이 중 총트리할로메탄(total trihalomethanes; THMs)의 평균 농도가정수장에서 생산된 물에서는 0.015 mg/L, 직접 각 가정으로 공급되는 직수에서는 0.019mg/L, 물탱크를 경유해 각 가정으로 공급되는 물탱크 수에서는 0.023 mg/L로 체류시간이 증가함에 따라 그의 농도는 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.또한, 수온의 영향으로 인해 여름철에 비교적 높은 농도로 검출되었다. THMs 이외의 다른 소독부산물들도 역시 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 검출된 소독부산물의 양은 환경부 먹는물 수질기준의 1/4~1/6 정도의 낮은 수준이기 때문에 서울시 수돗물은 소독부산물에 있어 항상 안전한 것으로 나타났다.
Total trihalomethanes (THMs), dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) that are themajor disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are monitored continuously in drinking water in Seoul. Study on characteristics ofDBPs is crucial to judge the safety of drinking water in Seoul. Analysis of THMs, haloacetonitriles (HANs), chloralhydrate (CH), and haloacetic acids (HAAs) was carried out in several distribution systems from January 2002 to Decem-ber 2004. The concentration of THMs was 0.015 mg/L in purified water, 0.019 mg/L in tapwater by direct service, and0.023 mg/L in tapwater through watertank, respectively. It might be due to the increased contact time with chlorine by aprocess of the distribution system. And the other DBPs show a tendency to increase in its concentration by a process ofthe distribution system. Also, in summer, the concentration of DBPs was higher than in spring and winter. It might bedue to the higher temperature of water in summer. In all cases, the quantities of detected DBPs were 4-6 times lowerthan those of regulation limits of drinking water in Seoul. In view of these results, the tapwater in Seoul is good to drinkit all the times.
References
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http://www.me.go.kr/DEPTDATA/200101/09172451/agamsi.htm
Rho BS, Ha HJ, “Water Quality Analysis in 2002,” The Annual Report of Waterworks Research Institute Seoul Metropolitan Government, 4th ed., 70-75 (2002)
Chang HS, Kim CM, “A Study on Quality Control Application and Assessment in Chlorinated Disinfection Byproducts Analysis,” The Annual Report of Waterworks Research Institute Seoul Metropolitan Government, 4th ed., 143-152 (2002)
WHO, Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, 3rd ed. (2004)
Nam SH, Lee UG, Kor. J. Environ. Health Soc., 18(2), 82 (1992)
Min BS, Rhee DS, Ryu JK, Park SK, J. Kor. Soc. Environ. Anal., 6(1), 41 (2003)
Singer PC, Obolensky A, Greiner A, J. AWWA, 87(10), 83 (1995)
Reckhow DA, Platt TL, MacNeill AL, McClellan JN, J. IWA. AQUA, 50(1), 1 (2001)
Kim YY, “Formation and Control of Disinfection By-products in Water Treatment Process,” Master Thesis, Chonbuk National University, Chonbuk, Korea (2002)
Kim HS, “Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Water Treatment Processes for Han River Water,” Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea (2004)
Pome ML, Green WR, Thurman EM, Orem WH, Lerch HE, AWWA, 91(3), 103 (1999)
Barrott L, J. IWA. AQUA, 53(6), 381 (2004)
Method 524.2 : Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry., National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1992)
Method 552.3 : Determination of Haloacetic Acids and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Derivatization, and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection., National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2003)
Chung KJ, Lee SW, Chang HS, “Tap Water Quality Analysis in 2004,” The Annual Report of Waterworks Research Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government., http://water.seoul.go.kr (2004)
Method 551.1 : Determination of Chlorination Disinfection Byproducts, Chlorinated Solvents, and Halogenated Pesticides/Herbicides in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection., National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1995)
Method 552.2 : Determination of Haloacetic Acids and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Derivatization, and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection., National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1995)
http://www.me.go.kr/DEPTDATA/200101/09172451/agamsi.htm
Rho BS, Ha HJ, “Water Quality Analysis in 2002,” The Annual Report of Waterworks Research Institute Seoul Metropolitan Government, 4th ed., 70-75 (2002)
Chang HS, Kim CM, “A Study on Quality Control Application and Assessment in Chlorinated Disinfection Byproducts Analysis,” The Annual Report of Waterworks Research Institute Seoul Metropolitan Government, 4th ed., 143-152 (2002)
WHO, Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, 3rd ed. (2004)
Nam SH, Lee UG, Kor. J. Environ. Health Soc., 18(2), 82 (1992)
Min BS, Rhee DS, Ryu JK, Park SK, J. Kor. Soc. Environ. Anal., 6(1), 41 (2003)
Singer PC, Obolensky A, Greiner A, J. AWWA, 87(10), 83 (1995)
Reckhow DA, Platt TL, MacNeill AL, McClellan JN, J. IWA. AQUA, 50(1), 1 (2001)
Kim YY, “Formation and Control of Disinfection By-products in Water Treatment Process,” Master Thesis, Chonbuk National University, Chonbuk, Korea (2002)
Kim HS, “Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Water Treatment Processes for Han River Water,” Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea (2004)
Pome ML, Green WR, Thurman EM, Orem WH, Lerch HE, AWWA, 91(3), 103 (1999)
Barrott L, J. IWA. AQUA, 53(6), 381 (2004)
Method 524.2 : Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry., National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1992)
Method 552.3 : Determination of Haloacetic Acids and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Derivatization, and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection., National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2003)
Chung KJ, Lee SW, Chang HS, “Tap Water Quality Analysis in 2004,” The Annual Report of Waterworks Research Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government., http://water.seoul.go.kr (2004)
Method 551.1 : Determination of Chlorination Disinfection Byproducts, Chlorinated Solvents, and Halogenated Pesticides/Herbicides in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection., National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1995)
Method 552.2 : Determination of Haloacetic Acids and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Derivatization, and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection., National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1995)
