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Received February 22, 2006
Accepted June 7, 2006
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직접 개미산 연료전지용 연료극 촉매의 특성 연구
Characterization of Alternative Anode Catalysts for Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell
충남대학교 화학공학과, 305-764 대전시 유성구 궁동 220 1한국과학기술원 연료전지연구센터, 136-791 서울시 성북구 하월곡동 39-1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, 220, Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea 1Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1, Hawolgok-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Korea
Korean Chemical Engineering Research, June 2006, 44(3), 314-318(5), NONE Epub 19 July 2006
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Abstract
본 연구에서는 고분자 전해질 연료전지(PEMFC)의 연료로 새롭게 제안된 개미산을 이용한 직접 개미산 연료전지 시스템에서 우수한 성능을 구현하기 위해서 촉매를 개발하고, EDS와 SEM을 사용하여 촉매의 특성을 분석하였다. 또한, 단일전지 실험을 통하여 기존 상용 촉매와 성능을 비교하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 Pt-Pd 촉매는 SEM 분석 결과 입자의 크기가 균일하고 조밀한 분포를 나타내었다. 촉매의 종류에 따른 연료전지의 성능실험에서 Pd의 함량 비율이 높을수록 전지의 성능이 우수하였으며, 특히 Pd black은 산화가스로 산소를 사용하였을 경우 상온에서 130 mW/cm2의 최대전력밀도를 나타냈다. 또한, Pt-Pd 촉매도 우수한 성능을 보였으며, 특히 Pt와 Pd의 비율이 1:1일 때 산화가스로 산소를 사용하였을 경우 상온에서 120 mW/cm2의 최대전력밀도를 나타냈다. 시스템의 운전온도를 60 °C까지 증가 시켰을 때, 전지의 성능은 촉매의 반응활성 증가로 크게 증가하였으나, 막의 최고 활성 영역인 50~60 °C 범위에서는 운전온도가 전지의 성능에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다.
Direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) are potential alternative power sources for portable devices such as cellular phone, personal digital assistants (PDA) and laptop computers. In this study, we developed the catalysts for great performance of fuel cell, and investigated their characteristics by using EDS and SEM. Pt-Pd catalysts showed uniform size and homogeneous distribution. As the content of palladium increased, the performance of DFAFC increased. Pd black showed the greatest performance among the five catalysts tested. Also, Pt-Pd (1:1) catalyst had an excellent maximum power density of 120 mW/cm2. As the operating temperature increased, fuel cell performance was increased due to a reaction activity increases of catalyst. But, temperature had only a slight effect on the performance of fuel cell in the best activity range of membrane.
Keywords
References
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Rice C, Ha RI, Masel RI, Waszczuk P, Wieckowski A, Barnard T, J. Power Sources, 111(1), 83 (2002)
Ha S, Rice CA, Masel RI, Wieckowski A, J. Power Sources, 112(2), 655 (2002)
Rice C, Ha S, Masel RI, Wieckowski A, J. Power Sources, 115(2), 229 (2003)
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Rhee YW, Ha SY, Masel RI, J. Power Sources, 117(1-2), 35 (2003)
Kim JS, Ruy JK, Jung EM, Lee HS, Kim JY, Kim YC, Han JH, Oh IH, Rhee YW, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 42(5), 630 (2004)
Kim JS, Yu JK, Lee HS, Kim JY, Kim YC, Han JH, Oh IH, Rhee YW, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 22(5), 661 (2005)
Zhu YM, Khan Z, Masel RI, J. Power Sources, 139(1-2), 15 (2005)
Jayashree RS, Spendelow JS, Yeom J, Rastogi C, Shannon MA, Kenis PJA, Electrochim. Acta, 50(24), 4674 (2005)
Park SJ, Jeong HJ, Nah C, Polym.(Korea), 27(1), 46 (2003)
Chen S, Lee D, Schell M, Electrochem. Commun., 3(2), 81 (2001)
Chen SL, Lee D, Schell M, Electrochim. Acta, 46(23), 3481 (2001)
Swamy BEK, Vannoy C, Maye J, Schell M, Electrochem. Commun., 6(10), 1032 (2004)
Chen SL, Schell M, J. Electroanal. Chem., 504(1), 78 (2001)
