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Received October 5, 2009
Accepted November 1, 2009
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Alberta 오일샌드의 유동층 열분해 연속실험을 통한 열분해 특성 파악
Study of Pyrolysis Behavior of Alberta Oil Sand by Continuous Operation of Fluidized-Bed Reactor
한양대학교 화학공학과, 133-791, 서울시 성동구 행당동 17 1한국에너지기술연구원 온실가스연구단, 305-343, 대전광역시 유성구 가정로 102
Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea 1Greenhouse Gas Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 102 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Korea
dshun@kier.re.kr
Korean Chemical Engineering Research, February 2010, 48(1), 68-74(7), NONE Epub 4 March 2010
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Abstract
본 실험은 오일샌드에 함유된 역청을 회수함에 있어 유동층 열분해 실험을 통한 역청 회수의 적합성을 확인하기 위하여 수행하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 캐나다 Alberta 오일샌드는 역청을 11.9%를 함유하고 있으며 열분해 공정을 통하여 회수한 열분해 오일은 오일샌드에 함유되어 있는 역청에 비하여 경질화되는 특성을 갖는다. 본 실험을 위하여 높이 170 cm의 반응기를 설치하였으며 1 atm, 500 ℃의 반응 조건 하에서 연속 운전 실험을 실시하였고 유동화 가스는 N2를 사용하여 1.62 Umf 조건에서 오일샌드의 열분해 반응특성을 연구하였다. 오일샌드 유동층 열분해 실험 결과 역청의 전환율은 87.76%이며 액체 생성물은 74.45%, 가스 생성물은 13.31%의 결과를 얻었다. 오일샌드 유동층 열분해 실험 중 발생하는 열분해 가스는 실시간 가스분석기를 사용하여 H2, O2, CO, CO2, CH4, NO를 분석하였으며 탄화수소 C1-_x000D_
C4의 분석은 가스크로마토그래피를 사용하여 분석하였다. 열분해 오일은 회수하여 원소분석, 발열량 분석, 중금속 분석과 아스팔텐(asphaltenes) 분석을 실시하였으며 SIMDIS 분석을 통하여 열분해 오일의 특성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 나프타(naphtha)는 11.50%, 중간유분(middle distillation)은 44.83%, 중질유(heavy oil)는 43.66%의 결과를 얻었다. 이는 역청과 비교하여 나프타와 중간유분 함량이 높은 경질화된 열분해 오일이 회수되었음을 알 수 있다.
In this study, fluidized-bed pyrolysis has been conducted in order to recover the bitumen contained in the oil sand. Canada Alberta oil sand contains 11.9% of bitumen and the bitumen-derived heavy oil produced in fluidizedbed tends to be upgraded relative to the bitumen. The continuous operation has been performed using N2 as a fluidization gas at 1 atm and 500 ℃ in a reactor of 170 cm height. The results showed 87.76% of bitumen conversion, where liquid products are 74.45% and gas products are 13.31%. H2, O2, CO, CO2, CH4, and NO and C1~C4 hydrocarbons in the gas products were analyzed by on-line gas analyzer and gas chromatography, respectively. The pyrolysis oil was analyzed by using proximate analysis, heavy metal analysis, SIMDIS, asphaltenes, and heating value. By SIMDIS analysis, naphtha was 11.50%, middle distillation was 44.83% and heavy oil was 43.66%. It was obvious that the pyrolysis oil was upgraded compared with bitumens.
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