키토산은 천연고분자 물질로 다양한 물리화학적(다중양이온, 반응성 수산화기와 아미노기 그룹), 생물학적(생리활성, 생체적합성, 생분해성) 특성을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 겔형성제로 폴리감마글루탐산을 이용하여 키토산 나노입자를 제조하였다. 나노입자는 폴리감마글루탐산의 카르복실기(-COO^(-))와 키토산의 아미노기(-NH3+)사이의 이온 상호작 용에 의해 형성되었다. 키토산(0.1~1 g)을 100 ml 아세트산 용액(1% v/v)에 첨가한 후 상온에서 충분히 용해되도록 하룻밤 동안 교반하였다. 폴리감마글루탐산(0.1 g)은 상온에서 90 ml 증류수에 용해시켰다. 교반되고 있는 폴리감마글루탐산 용액에 키토산 용액을 주사바늘을 통해 상온에서 적가하였다. 입자의 평균 크기는 80~300 nm 범위에서 형성되었다. 키토산/폴리감마글루탐산 나노입자는 중금속 이온들(Cd2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+)의 제거를 위해 콜로이드 상태의 흡착 물질로 사용되었다. 나노입자의 중금속 제거 능력은 Cu2+ > Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+의 결과를 보였다.

Chitosan is a natural polymer that has many physicochemical(polycationic, reactive OH and NH2 groups) and biological(bioactive, biocompatible, and biodegradable) properties. In this study, chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using poly-γ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA) as gelling agent. Nanoparticles were formed by ionic interaction between carboxylic groups in γ-PGA and amino groups in chitosan. Chitosan(0.1~1 g) was dissolved in 100 ml of acetic acid (1% v/v) at room temperature and stirred overnight to ensure a complete solubility. An amount of 0.1 g of γ-PGA was dissolved in 90 ml of distilled water at room temperature. Chitosan solution was dropped through needle into beaker containing γ-PGA solution under gentle stirring at room temperature. The average particle sizes were in the range of 80~300 nm. The prepared chitosan/γ-PGA nanoparticles were used to examine their removal of several heavy metal ions(Cd2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+) as adsorbents in aqueous solution. The heavy metal removal capacity of the nanoparticles was in the order of Cu2+ > Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+.

Nanoparticles Chitosan Poly-γ-glutamic Acid Heavy Metal Removal

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