바이오매스 합성가스는 저열량 가스이지만 유류를 대체하기 위한 목적으로 공업로, 보일러 등에서 혼소방법으로 이용되고 있다. 혼소버너의 기본구조는 오일버너를 중심부로 하고 저열량 가스 연료를 그 주위로 공급하는 형태로 설계되었다. 본 연구에서는 가스의 균일분산 방법과 가스노즐 각도를 변화시키는 방법을 적용하여 세 종류의 버너를 설계하였다. 연소공기량 증가에 따라 CO 발생량이 감소하였으며, 혼소조건에서 화염으로부터 잔염 발생 원인은 오일버너로부터 미립화 불량인 것으로 나타났다. 혼소조건에서는 가스와 오일연료에 대한 과잉공기 요구량이 서로 다르기 때문에 적절하게 연소공기량을 맞추기가 어려웠지만, 과잉산소 4.7~8.2% 범위에서 안정적인 연소조건 유지가 가능하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 합성가스와 유류의 혼소 이용은 합성가스 성분이 오일보다 연소속도가 빠르게 이루어져 오일버너 미립화를 촉진시켜주고, 오일 단독연소조건보다 CO 배출 농도를 낮게 유지할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Although biomass syngas is very low calorific gas, it is utilized by means of dual fuel combustion technology in the fields of industrial furnace and boiler as a substitute oil technology. The basic structure of duel fuel combustion burner is designed so that low caloric gas fuel is supplied around an oil burner in the middle. In the present study, three types of mixing burners were manufactured to conduct performance experiment. Low caloric gas was evenly distributed around the oil burner and the method of changing the angle of gas nozzle was applied. CO generation decreased according to the increase of the amount of air for combustion. In addition, the shapes and colors of flame changed according to the proportions of gas and oil used. Remained flame after combustion was from the lack of atomization at the exit of oil burner. Although it was difficult to maintain the optimum air ratio due to different required air ratio for oil and syngas, stable combustion was able to maintained within excess oxygen concentration of 4.7~8.2%. From this study, it was shown that the oil atomization at the exit of fuel oil nozzle was promoted by the increased rate of syngas combustion and the CO concentration in flue gas lower than only fuel oil combustion.

Low Calorific Syngas Biomass Combustion Burner

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