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Received January 27, 2012
Accepted February 26, 2012
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보조계면활성제가 노닐페놀 에톡실레이트 계면활성제, 탄화수소 오일, 물로 이루어진 삼성분계의 상평형 및 동적거동에 미치는 영향
Effect of Cosurfactant on Phase Equilibrium and Dynamic Behavior in Ternary Systems Containing Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactant, Water and Hydrocarbon Oil
동국대학교 화공생물공학과, 100-715 서울특별시 중구 필동로 1길 30
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea
jongchoo@dongguk.edu
Korean Chemical Engineering Research, December 2012, 50(6), 969-979(11), 10.9713/kcer.2012.50.6.969 Epub 29 November 2012
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Abstract
본 연구에서는 보조계면활성제 첨가가 nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP) 계면활성제, 물, 탄화수소 오일의 3성분으로 이루어진 시스템의 평형 및 동적 거동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 실험에서 사용한 펜탄올, 옥탄올, 데칸올 등의 보조계면활성제는 모두 소수성 첨가제로 작용하였으며, 소수성 증가 효과는 알코올의 사슬 길이 증가 및 첨가량 증가에 따라 증가하였다. 계면활성제 시스템이 친수적인 조건에서는 비극성 오일의 종류에 상관없이 시간에 따라 오일의 크기가 감소하였으며, 마이셀 용액에 의한 탄화수소 오일의 가용화는 diffusion-controlled 메커니즘이 아닌, interfacecontrolled 메커니즘을 따름을 확인할 수 있었다. 반면에 소수성 조건에서는 과포화로 인하여 일어나는 자발적 유화 현상과 물과 계면활성제의 오일상으로의 확산으로 인한 오일의 크기 증가가 관찰되었다. 비극성 탄화수소 오일과 계면활성제 수용액 사이의 시간에 따른 계면장력 측정 결과는 동적 거동 실험결과와 일치하는 경향을 나타내었다. 한편 middle-phase 마이크로에멀젼을 포함한 3상이 형성되는 조건에서는 매우 낮은 계면장력으로 인하여 오일이 수용액 상에 빠른 속도로 가용화되었고 작은 방울 형태로 유화되었다.
In this study, the effects of cosurfactant on phase equilibrium and dynamic behavior were studied in systems containing nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP) surfactant solutions and nonpolar hydrocarbon oils. All the cosurfactants used during this study such as n-pentanol, n-octanol and n-decanol acted as a hydrophobic additive and the hydrophobic effect was found to increase with both increases in chain length and amount of addition of a cosurfactant. Dynamic behavior studies under hydrophilic conditions showed that the solubilization of hydrocarbon oil by NP micellar solution is controlled by an interface-controlled mechanism rather than a diffusion-controlled mechanism. Both spontaneous emulsification of water into oil phase and expansion of oil drop were observed under lipophilic conditions because of diffusion of surfactant and water into oil phase. Under conditions of a three phase region including a middle-phase microemulsion, both rapid solubilization and emulsification of oil into aqueous solutions were found mainly due to the existence of ultralow interfacial tension.
Keywords
References
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Fernandez AM, Held U, Willing A, Breuer WH, Prog. Org. Coat., 53, 246 (2005)
Shinoda K, Takeda H, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 32(4), 642 (1970)
Smith DH, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 108(2), 471 (1985)
Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 16(6), 778 (2005)
Lim HK, Lee S, Mo DH, Lim JC, Appl. Chem. Eng., 22(4), 416 (2011)
Bae MJ, Lim JC, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 47(1), 46 (2009)
Bae MJ, Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(5), 473 (2009)
Bae MJ, Lim DC, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 47(1), 24 (2009)
Bae MJ, Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(1), 15 (2009)
Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(8), 929 (2004)
Lim JC, Miller CA, Yang CH, Colloids Surf., 66(1), 45 (1992)
Chai JL, Li GZ, Zhang GY, Lu JJ, Wang ZN, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 231(1-3), 173 (2003)
Plucinski P, Reitmeir J, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 97(2), 157 (1995)
Bayrak Y, Iscan M, Colloids Surf.A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 268(1-3), 99 (2005)
Lim JC, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 45(3), 219 (2007)
Lim JC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(1), 59 (2008)
Raney KH, Benton WJ, Miller CA, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 110(2), 363 (1986)
Raney KH, Benton WJ, Miller CA, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 117(1), 282 (1987)
Mori F, Lim JC, Raney OG, Elsik CM, Miller CA, Colloids Surf., 40, 323 (1989)
Raney KH, Miller CA, J.Colloid Interface Sci., 119(2), 539 (1987)
Mori F, Lim JC, Miller CA, Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci., 82, 114 (1990)
Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 6(4), 610 (1995)
Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 8(3), 473 (1997)
Lee JG, Bae SS, Cho IS, Park SJ, Park BD, Park SK, Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 16(5), 664 (2005)
Lee JG, Bae SS, Cho IS, Park SJ, Park BD, Park SK, Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 16(5), 677 (2005)
Ko HK, Park BD, Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 11(6), 679 (2000)
Shinoda K, Friberg S, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 4(4), 281 (1975)
Solans C, Pons R, Kunieda H, “Industrial Applications of Microemulsions,” Solans C, Kunieda H, Eds. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 66, 6 (1997)
Calvo E, Bravo R, Amigo A, Gracia-Fadrique J, Fluid Phase Equilib., 282(1), 14 (2009)
Soares A, Guieysse B, Jefferson B, Cartmell E, Lester JN, Environ.Int., 34(7), 1033 (2008)
Ying GG, Williams B, Kookana R, Environ., 28(3), 215 (2002)
Ahel M, Giger W, Koch M, Water Res., 28(5), 1131 (1994)
Servos MR, Water Qual. Res. J. Can., 34(1), 123 (1999)
Fernandez AM, Held U, Willing A, Breuer WH, Prog. Org. Coat., 53, 246 (2005)
Shinoda K, Takeda H, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 32(4), 642 (1970)
Smith DH, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 108(2), 471 (1985)
Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 16(6), 778 (2005)
Lim HK, Lee S, Mo DH, Lim JC, Appl. Chem. Eng., 22(4), 416 (2011)
Bae MJ, Lim JC, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 47(1), 46 (2009)
Bae MJ, Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(5), 473 (2009)
Bae MJ, Lim DC, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 47(1), 24 (2009)
Bae MJ, Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(1), 15 (2009)
Lim JC, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(8), 929 (2004)
Lim JC, Miller CA, Yang CH, Colloids Surf., 66(1), 45 (1992)
Chai JL, Li GZ, Zhang GY, Lu JJ, Wang ZN, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 231(1-3), 173 (2003)
Plucinski P, Reitmeir J, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 97(2), 157 (1995)
Bayrak Y, Iscan M, Colloids Surf.A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 268(1-3), 99 (2005)
Lim JC, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 45(3), 219 (2007)
Lim JC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(1), 59 (2008)
