Articles & Issues
- Language
- korean
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
-
Received December 22, 2014
Accepted February 23, 2015
-
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © KIChE. All rights reserved.
All issues
기포유동층에서 수증기 및 소성된 백운석 첨가에 의한 바이오매스 가스화의 영향
Effects of Biomass Gasification by Addition of Steam and Calcined Dolomite in Bubbling Fluidized Beds
1한국생산기술연구원, 31056 충청남도 천안시 서북구 입장면 양대기로길 89 2성균관대학교 화학공학부, 16419 경기도 수원시 장안구 서부로 2066
1Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056, Korea 2School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea 3, Korea
Korean Chemical Engineering Research, December 2015, 53(6), 783-791(9), 10.9713/kcer.2015.53.6.783 Epub 30 November 2015
Download PDF
Abstract
바이오매스 가스화 공정을 위하여 내경이 0.1 m이고 높이가 1.2 m인 유동층 반응기에서 수증기 및 촉매의 첨가가 프로듀서가스(Producer gas)에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 가스화 장치는 유동층 반응기, 연료공급 장치, 사이클론, 2개의 냉각기, 수증기 발생장치 및 가스분석기로 구성하였다. 층물질 및 촉매물질로 평균입자크기 380 μm의 비구형 silica sand 와 평균입자 356 μm 크기의 소성된 백운석을 사용하였다. 사용된 바이오매스는 국산 우드펠릿(Korea woody pellet) 및 동남아 팜 부산물인 EFB(empty fruit bunch)를 펠릿 형태로 가공하여 사용하였다. 실험 고정 변수로는 연료공급량 50 g/min(EFB), 38 g/min(KWP) 반응 온도 800 oC, ER(equivalence ratio) 0.25로 설정하였다. 조업 변수로 촉매인 소성된 백운석을 층물질 0~100 wt%의 혼합비로 사용하였다. 가스화매체로 공기 또는 Air-Steam을 사용하였다. 이때 수증기 첨가량은 SBR(steam to biomass ratio) 기준 0.3으로 하였다. 생성된 가스의 조성, 타르(Tar) 및 저위발열량을 측정하였다. 실험의 결과로 소성된 백운석은 모든 실험조건에서 프로듀서가스 타르의 함량을 감소시키며 최대67.3 wt%의 감소율을 보였다. 저위발열량은 공기가스화에서 소성된 백운석 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 하지만 Air-steam 가스화에서 저위발열량은 변화가 적거나 오히려 소폭 증가한 경향을 보였다.
A fluidized-bed reactor with an inside diameter of 0.1 m and a height of 1.2 m was used to study the effect of steam and catalyst additions to air-blown biomass gasification on the production of producer gas. The equipment consisted of a fluidized bed reactor, a fuel supply system, a cyclone, a condenser, two receivers, steam generator and gas analyzer. Silica sand with a mean particle diameter of 380 μm was used as a bed material and calcined dolomite (356 μm), which is effective in tar reduction and producer gas purification, was used as the catalyst. Both of Korea wood pellet (KWP) and a pellet form of EFB (empty fruit bunch) which is the byproduct of Southeast Asia palm oil extraction were examined as biomass feeds. In all the experiments, the feeding rates were 50 g/min for EFB and 38 g/min for KWP, respectively at the reaction temperature of 800 oC and an ER (equivalence ratio) of 0.25. The mixing ratio (0~100 wt%) of catalyst was applied to the bed material. Air or an air-steam mixture was used as the injection gas. The SBR (steam to biomass ratio) was 0.3. The composition, tar content, and lower heating value of the generated producer gas were measured. The addition of calcined dolomite decreased tar content in the producer gas with maximum reduction of 67.3 wt%. The addition of calcined dolomite in the air gasification reduced lower heating value of the producer gas. However The addition of calcined dolomite in the air-steam gasification slightly increased its lower heating value.
Keywords
References
Haryanto A, Fernando S, Murali N, Adhikari S, Energy Fuels, 19(5), 2098 (2005)
Lange JP, Price R, Ayoub PM, Louis L, Petrus L, Clarke L, Gosselink H, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 49, 4479 (2010)
Moon J, Lee J, Lee U, Hwang J, Bioresour. Technol., 133, 429 (2013)
Gonzalez JF, Roman S, Bragado D, Calderon M, Fuel Process. Technol., 89(8), 764 (2008)
Franco C, Pinto F, Gulyurtlu I, Cabrita I, Fuel, 82(7), 835 (2003)
Nora M, Tim S, Christoph AU, Sean MB, Environ. Prog. Sust. Energ., 82(3), 347 (2009)
Salaices E, Serrano B, de Lasa H, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 49(15), 6834 (2010)
Mun TY, “Air Gasification of Dried Sewage Sludge: Tar Removal and the Improvement of Producer Gas Quality by the Application of Additives in a Two-stage Gasifier,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Seoul, Republic of Korea, Seoul(2013).
Sousa LCR, “Gasification of Wood, Urban Wastewood (Altholz) and Other Wastes in a Fluidised Bed Reactor,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Swiss, Zurich(2001).
Ponzio A, Kalisz S, Blasiak W, Fuel Process. Technol., 87(3), 223 (2006)
Li C, Suzuki K, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 13(3), 594 (2009)
Bergman PCA, Paasen VB, Boerrigter H, “The Novel “OLGA’’ Technology for Complete Tar Removal from Biomass Producer Gas,” Pyrolysis and Gasification of Biomass and Waste, Expert Meeting, October, Strasbourg(2002).
Sutton D, Kelleher B, Ross JRH, Fuel Process. Technol., 73(3), 155 (2001)
Devi L, Ptasinski KJ, Janssen FJJG, Biomass Bioenerg., 24(2), 125 (2003)
Geldart D, Powder Technol., 19(1), 133 (1978)
Narvaez I, Orio A, Aznar MP, Corella J, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 35(7), 2110 (1996)
Baker EG, Brown MD, Elliott DC, Mudge LK, “Characterization and Treatment of Tars From Biomass Gasifier,” AIChE National Meeting, August, Denver(1988).
Jess A, Fuel, 75(12), 1441 (1996)
de Andres JM, Narros A, Rodriguez ME, Fuel, 90(2), 521 (2011)
Gonzalez JF, Roman S, Baragado D, Calderon M, Fuel, 89(8), 764 (2008)
Kim UY, Son SM, Kang SH, Kang Y, Kim SD, Jung H, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 45(6), 604 (2007)
Kim DW, Lee JM, Kim JS, Seon PK, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 48(1), 58 (2010)
Lange JP, Price R, Ayoub PM, Louis L, Petrus L, Clarke L, Gosselink H, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 49, 4479 (2010)
Moon J, Lee J, Lee U, Hwang J, Bioresour. Technol., 133, 429 (2013)
Gonzalez JF, Roman S, Bragado D, Calderon M, Fuel Process. Technol., 89(8), 764 (2008)
Franco C, Pinto F, Gulyurtlu I, Cabrita I, Fuel, 82(7), 835 (2003)
Nora M, Tim S, Christoph AU, Sean MB, Environ. Prog. Sust. Energ., 82(3), 347 (2009)
Salaices E, Serrano B, de Lasa H, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 49(15), 6834 (2010)
Mun TY, “Air Gasification of Dried Sewage Sludge: Tar Removal and the Improvement of Producer Gas Quality by the Application of Additives in a Two-stage Gasifier,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Seoul, Republic of Korea, Seoul(2013).
Sousa LCR, “Gasification of Wood, Urban Wastewood (Altholz) and Other Wastes in a Fluidised Bed Reactor,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Swiss, Zurich(2001).
Ponzio A, Kalisz S, Blasiak W, Fuel Process. Technol., 87(3), 223 (2006)
Li C, Suzuki K, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 13(3), 594 (2009)
Bergman PCA, Paasen VB, Boerrigter H, “The Novel “OLGA’’ Technology for Complete Tar Removal from Biomass Producer Gas,” Pyrolysis and Gasification of Biomass and Waste, Expert Meeting, October, Strasbourg(2002).
Sutton D, Kelleher B, Ross JRH, Fuel Process. Technol., 73(3), 155 (2001)
Devi L, Ptasinski KJ, Janssen FJJG, Biomass Bioenerg., 24(2), 125 (2003)
Geldart D, Powder Technol., 19(1), 133 (1978)
Narvaez I, Orio A, Aznar MP, Corella J, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 35(7), 2110 (1996)
Baker EG, Brown MD, Elliott DC, Mudge LK, “Characterization and Treatment of Tars From Biomass Gasifier,” AIChE National Meeting, August, Denver(1988).
Jess A, Fuel, 75(12), 1441 (1996)
de Andres JM, Narros A, Rodriguez ME, Fuel, 90(2), 521 (2011)
Gonzalez JF, Roman S, Baragado D, Calderon M, Fuel, 89(8), 764 (2008)
Kim UY, Son SM, Kang SH, Kang Y, Kim SD, Jung H, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 45(6), 604 (2007)
Kim DW, Lee JM, Kim JS, Seon PK, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 48(1), 58 (2010)
