세포는 40억년전에 처음 탄생하였으며, 오랜 기간동안 진화하며 발전해온 우수한 시스템이다. 상향식 합성생물학

(bottom-up synthetic biology)은 40억년전으로 돌아가 세포를 기초부터 다시 설계하는 접근법으로 “인공세포(artificial

cell)”를 개발하는 연구분야이다. 이렇게 개발된 인공세포는 비록 완벽한 세포는 아니지만 세포의 중요한 특징들을 보

유한 인공적인 세포 유사(cell mimicry) 시스템이다. 인공세포를 설계함으로써 이 분야의 연구자들은 기존의 세포생물

학과는 다른 접근법으로 세포의 체계와 근원을 탐구하고, 나아가서 살아있는 세포의 이용을 대체하고자 하는 목표를

가진다. 본 총설에서는 최근 활발히 연구되고 있는 캡슐 및 생물촉매 기반의 인공세포에 대한 개념 및 이 분야의 최신

연구들을 소개하고자 한다.

Cells first emerged 4 billion years ago and have evolved over a long period into an excellent system.

Bottom-up synthetic biology is a research field that aims to develop “artificial cells” by returning to 4 billion years ago

and redesigning cells from scratch. Although these artificial cells are not perfect, they are artificial cell mimicry systems

that possess important characteristics of living cells. By designing the artificial cells, researchers in this field aim to

explore the organization and the origins of cells from a different approach than traditional cell biology and ultimately

seek to replace the use of living cells. This review aims to introduce the concepts and recent research in capsule and

biocatalyst-based artificial cells, which have been actively studied recently.

Artificial cells, Confinement, Biocatalysis, Metabolism, Synthetic biology

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