본 연구는 낙엽송, 단풍나무, 신갈나무, 삼나무(JAC) 시편에 지방산으로 피마자유(CAO), 피마자왁스(HCO), 대두유

(SBO), 폐식용유(WCO)를 도포, 침지, 감압, 감가압법으로 주입한 후, 이 시편에 대한 염수 침수처리 과정을 통하여 측

정한 지방산의 주입량, 용탈성, 치수안정성 및 야외 폭로에 의한 수분흡착률(MA)과 부피팽윤율(TVS) 결과를 토대로

지방산-주입 목재의 실외용 소재화 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 수행하였다. 주입량은 JAC 및 감가압법으로 처리한 시

편에서 가장 많았다. 지방산-주입 시편의 염수 침수처리 과정에서 용탈에 의한 중량 감소는 주입량과 비례하였다. 그

러나 지방산 처리 이후 양생과정에서 고체상으로 다시 변환하는 HCO를 주입한 시편에서 용탈량은 모든 처리 조건 중에 가

장 적었다. 지방산-주입 시편은 대부분 팽윤되었으나, 감압 처리한 시편은 모두 수축하였다. 특히 HCO를 감압 주입한

시편은 타 지방산 주입 시편과 비교하여 수축률이 높았다. 지방산-주입 시편의 침수처리 이후 TVS는 지방산 주입에

의한 팽윤 또는 수축 정도가 클수록 낮았다. 한편 감압 처리를 통하여 수축한 시편은 침수처리를 통하여 지방산-주입

이전 치수로 근접하게 복원되었다. 야외 폭로한 지방산-주입 시편의 MA와 TVS는 수종 및 지방산의 종류와 상관없이

대조구보다 크게 낮았으며, HCO-주입 및 감가압 처리한 시편에서 가장 낮았다. 연구 결과를 종합하면, 목재에 지방산

주입은 가혹한 외부 환경에서 치수안정성 및 내습성 등을 제공함으로써 실외용 소재로서 적용이 가능할 것으로 생각

한다. 특히 국내에서 원활한 확보와 낮은 구매가 등과 같은 경제성을 보유한 JAC에 HCO를 감압 처리하는 것이 최적

조건이라 판단된다.

Fatty acids (FA), such as CAO, HCO, SBO and WCO, was treated into Japanese larch, soft maple,

Mongolian oak and Japanese cedar (JAC) blocks using spreading, immersion, vacuum and vacuum-pressure methods.

The FA-impregnated wood blocks were submerged in saline water. Uptake and leaching resistance of FA, total

volumetric swellings (TVS) of FA-impregnated blocks after treating it and leaching of the FA-treated blocks, andmoisture absorption (MA) and TVS of FA-impregnated blocks after outdoor exposure were used to evaluate the

applicability of FA-impregnated wood as a material for exterior uses. JAC blocks and using a vacuum-pressure method

showed higher FA uptakes than other species and treating methods. Weight loss by leaching of FA during a saline waterimmersion

was proportional to the weight gain by the uptake of FA. However, most HCOimpregnated specimens were

lower leachability than specimens treated with other FAs regardless of treating methods, due to the phase transformation

of HCO into solid state during the curing process. Most specimens were swelled with the impregnation of FA,. However,

regardless of wood species, all specimens treated by a vacuum method were shrunk and the shrinkage rate of the HCOimpregnated

specimens was higher than that of FA-impregnated specimens treated by other methods. TVS of FAimpregnated

specimens after leaching reduced as the degree of the swelling and shrinkage of the FA-impregnated

specimens increased. Interestingly, the dimension of specimens treated by a vacuum method was restored closely to its

original dimension. MA and TVS of the FA-impregnated specimens after outdoor exposure were much lower than those

of control specimens regardless of the types of species and fatty acid. The values of HCO-impregnated specimens treated

by a vacuum-pressure method were the lowest. Overall, the impregnation of FA into wood provides the dimensional stability

and moisture-tolerance property against severe external environments, and thus the FA-impregnated wood can be used

as a material for exterior uses. Among the conditions examined in this study, the vacuum treatment of HCO into JAC is

the optimal one based on the results of this study and the economic feasibility of JAC.

Fatty acid, Impregnation, Dimensional stability, Total volumetric swelling, Moisture absorption, Exterior uses

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