푸르푸랄(furfural)은 리그노셀룰로오스 바이오매스(lignocellulose biomass)의 헤미셀룰로오스(hemicellulose) 성

분 중 하나인 자일로스(xylose)로부터 생산되는 플랫폼 화학물질이다. 푸르푸랄은 페놀류 화합물이나 바이오 연

료 등의 중요한 원료로 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 푸르푸랄 생산공정에서 일반적으로 사용되는 산 촉매인

황산(sulfuric acid)과 친환경적 촉매인 포름산(formic acid) 두 가지 촉매를 이용하여 회분식 반응 시스템(batch

system)에서 자일로스로부터 푸르푸랄을 생산하기 위한 조건을 비교 및 최적화하였다. 자일로스의 초기 농도(10 g/

L~100 g/L), 반응 온도(140~200℃), 황산 촉매(1~3 wt%), 포름산 촉매(5~10 wt%), 반응 시간에 따라 자일로스로

부터 푸르푸랄 수율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 촉매 종류에 따른 최적 조건은 다음과 같았다. 황산 촉매의 경

우, 3 wt%의 촉매농도, 50 g/L의 초기 자일로스 농도, 180 ℃의 온도 10분의 반응시간에서 최대 58.97%의 푸르

푸랄 수율을 얻었다. 포름산 촉매의 겨우, 5 wt%의 촉매농도, 50 g/L의 초기 자일로스 농도, 180 ℃의 온도, 150

분 반응 시간에서 65.32%의 푸르푸랄 수율을 확보하였다.

Furfural is a platform chemical that is produced from xylose, one of the hemicellulose components of

lignocellulosic biomass. Furfural can be used as an important feedstock for phenolic compounds or biofuels. In this

study, we compared and optimized the conditions for producing furfural from xylose in a batch system using two types

of catalysts: sulfuric acid, which is commonly used in the furfural production process, and formic acid, which is an

environmentally friendly catalyst. We investigated the effects of xylose initial concentration (10 g/L~100 g/L), reaction

temperature (140~200℃), sulfuric acid catalyst (1~3 wt%), formic acid catalyst (5~10 wt%), and reaction time on the

furfural yield. The optimal conditions according to the type of catalyst were as follows. For sulfuric acid catalyst, 3 wt%

of catalyst concentration, 50 g/L of xylose initial concentration, 180℃ of temperature, and 10min of reaction time

resulted in a maximum furfural yield of 59.0%. For formic acid catalyst, 5 wt% of catalyst concentration, 50 g/L of

xylose initial concentration, 180℃ of temperature, and 150 min of reaction time resulted in a furfural yield of 65.3%.

Xylose, Furfural, Acid catalytic conversion, Formic acid, Sulfuric acid

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